504 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 137 



words: "They keep their hair long, and they truss it up neatly all 

 around their heads, and this truss of hair serves them as a quiver in 

 which to carry their arrows when they are at war." (French, 1875, pp. 

 173, 178; Gaffarel, 1875, p. 461; Swanton, 1922, p. 347.) Laudon- 

 niere confirms the main fact, and in his description of scalping in 

 Florida, Le Moyne says that they pulled the skin "off with the hair, 

 more than a foot and a half long, still adhering, done up in a knot on 

 the crown, and with that lower down round the forehead and back cut 

 short into a ring about two fingers wide, like the rim of a hat." 

 (Swanton, 1922, pp. 347, 378; Le Moyne, 1875, pp. 6-7.) His illus- 

 trations agree with this, the hair being tied in a knot at the top of the 

 head and feathers often worked into the binding cord. 



He also represents tails of animals or their entire skins fastened to 

 the hair, and one of his subjects wears what looks like a basket hat, 

 though it may be intended either for the "lace made of herbs," men- 

 tioned by Ribault, or a palm-leaf hat. (French, 1875, pp. 173, 178; 

 Gaffarel, 1875, p. 461; Swanton, 1922, p. 348.) 



San Miguel found that the Guale Indians of both sexes wore their 

 hair long and cut it a little above the forehead (Garcia, 1902, p. 194). 



At Key Marco in the Calusa country, though the relics there were 

 not certainly of the Calusa people. Gushing found remains of what he 



regarded as bark head-dresses quite similar to those of Northwest Coast In- 

 dians. . . . Associated with these, as well as independently, were numbers of 

 hairpins, some made of ivory, some of bone, to which beautiful, long flexible 

 strips of polished tortoise shell — that, alas, I could not preserve in their entirety — 

 had been attached. One pin had been carved at the upper end with the repre- 

 sentation of a rattlesnake's tail, precisely like those of Cheyenne warriors ; 

 another, with a long conical knob grooved or hollowed for the attachment of 

 plume cords. (Gushing, 1896, p. 376.) 



The two Hobe Indians met by Dickenson in southeastern Florida 

 "had their hair tied in a roll behind, in which stuck two bones, shaped 

 one like a broad arrow, the other like a spearhead." (Dickenson, 1803, 

 pp. 9-10; Swanton, 1922, p. 391.) Calusa Indians are reported to 

 have worn on their heads pieces of gold (Swanton, 1922, p. 388). 



Near the mouth of Mobile Bay, Narvaez encountered some chiefs 

 whose hair was "loose and very long," and this indicates a probable 

 relationship to the Choctaw since the men of that tribe were so much 

 addicted to the custom of allowing their hair to grow long that they 

 were called by their neighbors as well as by themselves "Long Hairs" 

 (Choctaw, Pa°s falaya) (Adair, 1775, p. 192; Swanton, 1931 a, p. 4). 



In the early Virginia relations, we have mentioned Indians living 

 inland to the northwest called Pocoughtronack, who shaved their 

 crowns and let their hair grow long on the neck. These were probably 

 Potawatomi and therefore outside of the territory under consideration, 

 though they might possibly have been Yuchi. From Gabriel Arthur, 



