SwANTON] INDIANS OF THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 517 



the Carolina coast, and peak or wampum, the manufacture of which 

 was introduced from New York or New England after white con- 

 tact. Beverley also speaks of "runtees," round, flat beads pierced 

 edgewise. The name is believed to be a corruption of French arrondi 

 and the manufacture of them was probably post-Columbian (Bever- 

 ley, 1705, bk. 3, p. 7; Hodge, 1910, art. Runtee). 



Necklaces made of wampum were worn by Nottoway girls in 1728 

 (Bassett, 1901, p. 114). 



Lawson merely inf onus us that both men and women in the interior 

 of the Carolinas wore necklaces made of their shell money, and Bev- 

 erley's illustrations, borrowed from Michel, show them to have been 

 in use in Monacantown. (Lawson, 1860, p. 314; Catesby, 1831^3, p. 

 ix; Beverley, 1705.) 



Some of the multiple strings of beads were probably of the kind 

 called oktcuge' by the Alabama, which consisted of three or four 

 strings of beads hanging down in front, the strings gathered together 

 on each shoulder and secured about the neck by a single buckskin cord. 



Speck (1909, p. 50) says that 30 years ago most of the Yuchi women 

 were "found with strings of large round blue beads about their necks" 

 which were said to have something to do with their fertility. 



Necklaces came to be developed to an excessive degree by the Sem- 

 inole as early as MacCauley's time : 



My attention was called to the remarkable use of beads among these Indian 

 women, young and old. It seems to be the ambition of the Seminole squaws to 

 gather about their necks as many strings of beads as can be hung there and as 

 they can carry. They are particular as to the quality of the beads they wear. 

 They are satisfied with nothing meaner than a cut glass bead, about a quarter 

 of an inch or more in length, generally of some shade of blue, and costing (so I 

 was told by a trader at Miami) $.75 a pound. Sometimes, but not often, one sees 

 beads of an Inferior quality worn. 



These beads must be burdensome to their wearers. In the Big Cypress Swamp 

 settlement one day, to gratify my curiosity as to how many strings of beads these 

 women can wear, I tried to count those worn by Young Tiger Tail's wife, number 

 one, Mo-ki, who had come through the Everglades to visit her relatives. She was 

 the proud wearer of certainly not fewer than two hundred strings of good sized 

 beads. She had six quarts (probably a peck of the beads) gathered about her 

 neck, hanging down her back, down upon her breasts, filling the space under her 

 chin, and covering her neck up to her ears. It was an effort for her to move her 

 head. She, however, was only a little, if any, better off in her possessions than 

 most of the others. Others were about equally burdened. Even girl babies are 

 favored by their proud mammas with a varying quantity of the coveted neck wear. 

 The cumbersome beads are said to be worn by night as well as by day. (Mac- 

 Cauley, 1887, pp. 487-488.) 



In this connection may be mentioned the bead neck bands worn by 

 Yuchi males : 



These are usually an inch in width and consist of beads strung on woof 

 of horse hair; each bead being placed between two of the warps. Beadwork 



