S WANTON] INDIANS OF THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 627 



noise as would rather affright then delight any man. (Smith, John, Tyler ed., 

 1907, p. 107.) 



Strachey (1849, p. 79) uses almost identical words. Beverley (1705, 

 bk. 3, p. 65) tells us that "their Kattles are the Shell of a small Gourd, 

 or Macock of the creeping kind, and not of those call'd Callibaches, 

 which grow upon Trees." 



Lawson observed among the Waxhaw a rattle consisting of a gourd 

 with corn in it. He mentions the use of rattles at Adshusheer, 

 the Eno and Shakori town. When he comes to discuss the culture 

 of the Piedmont tribes in general, he speaks of "a rattle, made of a 

 gourd, with some beans in it" (Lawson, 1860, pp. 98, 286). Adair, 

 Bartram, Penicaut, and Du Pratz mention gourd rattles in use among 

 the Chickasaw, Creeks, Pascagoula, and Chitimacha, but Bushnell did 

 not find this implement among the Bayou Lacomb Choctaw, nor did 

 I learn of it among those about Philadelphia. In a certain dance 

 they stated that two sticks were struck together but that was all. 

 (Adair, 1775, p. 116; Bartram, 1792, pp. 243, 502; Margry, 1875-86, 

 vol. 5, pp. 388-390; Le Page du Pratz, 1758, vol. 1, pp. 106-110; 

 Swanton, 1911, pp. 303, 340; 1931 a, p. 224.) 



On the Mississippi rattles were particularly in evidence in the 

 peace-making ceremonies. Dumont describes them as "empty cala- 

 bashes, in which are some beads or little stones to make a noise." Du 

 Pratz calls the rattle by a common trader's name, the "chichicois," 

 and describes it as "a gourd pierced at both ends for the insertion of 

 a little stick one end of which is longer to serve as a handle ; within 

 are placed large bits of gravel to make the noise; in the absence of 

 gravel they put in beans or dried kidney beans ; it is with this instru- 

 ment that they beat time while singing." (Dumont, 1753, vol. 1, 

 pp. 193-195 ; Swanton, 1911, p. 137 ; Le Page du Pratz, 1758, vol. 1, 

 p. 108.) 



The terrapin shell rattles worn by Creek women about their ankles 

 during the annual dances in the Square Grounds represent another 

 type, but there is little mention of this outside of the Creek Nation. 

 The following description by Romans may apply to a substitute or 

 to an earlier form : 



I observed the women dressed their legs in a kind of leather stockings, hung 

 full of the hoofs of the roe deer in form of bells, in so much as to make a sound 

 exactly like that of the Castagnettes : I was very desirous of examining these 

 stockings and had an opportunity of satisfying my curiosity on those of my 

 landlady at her return home. I counted in one of her stockings four hundred 

 and ninety-three of these claws ; there were nine of the women at the dance with 

 this kind of ornament, so that allowing each of them to have had the same number 

 of hoofs, and eight hoofs to a deer, there must have been killed eleven hundred 

 and ten deer to furnish this small assembly of ladies with their ornaments. 

 (Romans, 1775, p. 95.) 



