SwANax)N] INDIANS OP THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 665 



reservation with the Iroquois, told Dr. J. O. Dorsey that his people 

 formerly had four clans, the Bear, Deer, Wolf, and Turtle, and that 

 the first two were on one side of the fire, the last two on the other, but 

 this dichotomy may have been brought about by association with the 

 Iroquois (Dorsey, J. O., 1897, p. 244) . 



The Quapaw also seem to have had a moiety system similar to that 

 of most of the other tribes of the Dhegiha group of the Siouan stock. 

 Dr. Dorsey was able to learn of the following groupings : 



Haiika Moiety : Large Hafika or Crawfish People (called by another 

 informant Ancestral People) , two gentes called Small Bird, Bison or 

 Small Hanka, Elk, Eagle, Reddish-yellow Bison, Dog (or Wolf?) ; of 

 an unnamed moiety: Fish People, Ni'kia'la, Turtle People; not of 

 Haiika but not certainly classed with the last three : Lion People, Tiju 

 (the Tciju of other tribes). 



Another informant added these gentile names, which may as well 

 be inserted here : Deer, Black-bear, Grizzly-bear ( ? ) , Beaver, Star, 

 Crane, Thunder-being, Serpent, Sun. He also mentioned the Panther 

 or Mountain Lion, evidently identical with the Lion of the first list 

 (Dorsey, J. O., 1897, pp. 229-230). 



Teems of Relationship 



Our knowledge of the terms of relationship of the Cherokee, Creeks, 

 Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Timucua is fairly adequate, as also of the 

 marginal Shawnee. Data from the Caddo and Yuchi leave something 

 to be desired, but we have only fragmentary information regarding the 

 systems of the Natchez, Tunica, Chitimacha, Tutelo, and Quapaw. 

 The tribes, or rather tribal remnants speaking these tongues have been 

 subjected to outside influences for such a long period that it is not 

 likely that they retain the old system in a very pure form. Except for 

 a few Catawba terms, we have practically nothing from the Siouan 

 tribes of the east and the Algonquian tribes of Virginia and Carolina, 

 nor do the remaining tribes yield any information of consequence. 



In spite of slight minor variations, the systems of the Cherokee, 

 Creeks, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Koasati, and Timucua are very much 

 alike and are classed by Spier with what he calls the Crow type. Re- 

 cent researches by Gilbert, Eggan, and Spoehr seem to show that the 

 divergencies from the Crow system which my own data and those of 

 Morgan present are relatively recent in origin and attributable to 

 white contact. To this type the Yuchi are added somewhat doubtfully. 



Nearly all of the tribes which exhibit this type possess clans having 

 matrilineal descent, the only exceptions in fact being the Southern 

 Pomo and the Wappo of California, and the Pawnee. It is in many 

 ways the converse of the Omaha Type, which takes in mainly tribes 

 having subdivisions with patrilineal descent, the principal exceptions 



