NEWARK ROCKS OF ROCKLAND COUNTY, N. Y. 



The Newark formation occurs in New York state only in Rock- 

 land county. It occupies a triangular area the base of which is 

 formed by the New Jersey state line between Suffern and the 

 Hudson river, and the apex of which is at Stony point. The Hud- 

 son river marks one side of the triangle, and the steep escarp- 

 ment of Ramapo mountain, stretching northeastward from Suffern 

 to Stonypoint, forms the other. The area of the triangle is about 

 100 square miles. 



This email area is the northern end of a belt which extends 

 southwest through New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland and into 

 Virginia. It must therefore be studied with due regard for this 

 relationship and in the light of conclusions drawn from the careful 

 examination of the more southern parts of the belt. 1 Some of the 

 conclusions set forth in this paper have been based on evidence 

 collected in New Jersey, and would not be warranted were the 

 facts of this smaller area only to be considered. 



TOPOGRAPHY 



The region is characterized by a rolling topography — a series 

 of hills trending north and south, separated by valleys which have 

 been eroded from 150 to 200 feet below the level of the 

 hilltops. There is usually but slight difference in the steep- 

 ness of the eastern and western slopes of these ridges, although 

 where such a difference exists, the eastern slope is nearly always 

 the steeper. Most of the roads which extend north and south 

 follow either the valleys or keep along the crests of the hills and 

 are fairly level. The east and west roads cross the narrow, 

 steep-sided ridges at right angles and are very hilly. The gen- 

 eral level of the tops of the hills in the western part of the area 



iDetailed reports on the New Jersey area will be found in the annual 

 reports of the state geologist of New Jersey for 1896 and 1897. Trenton 

 N. J. 



