﻿FIFTH 
  REPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  DIRECTOR 
  I908 
  63 
  

  

  I 
  By 
  Robert 
  Sheills, 
  F.A.A. 
  Scot., 
  Neenah, 
  Wisconsin, 
  United 
  

   States 
  of 
  America. 
  

  

  Indian 
  socketed 
  spearhead 
  or 
  knife 
  of 
  native 
  copper, 
  4^ 
  inches 
  

   in 
  length 
  by 
  i^ 
  inches 
  in 
  breadth, 
  from 
  Neenah, 
  Wisconsin. 
  

  

  Two 
  Luckcnbooth 
  brooches, 
  three 
  small 
  pendant 
  crosses 
  (of 
  the 
  

   shape 
  shown 
  in 
  fig. 
  i), 
  a 
  circular 
  mounting 
  with 
  five 
  included 
  

   circles 
  and 
  11 
  small 
  buckles 
  all 
  cut 
  out 
  of 
  thin 
  sheet 
  brass, 
  found 
  

   together 
  in 
  excavating 
  an 
  Indian 
  mound 
  at 
  Kaukauna, 
  Outagamie 
  

   CO., 
  State 
  of 
  Wisconsin. 
  

  

  Mr 
  Sheills 
  has 
  supplied 
  the 
  facts 
  for 
  the 
  following 
  account 
  of 
  

   the 
  locality 
  and 
  circumstances 
  connected 
  with 
  the 
  discovery 
  of 
  these 
  

   curious 
  relics 
  of 
  the 
  old 
  intercourse 
  between 
  the 
  British 
  and 
  the 
  

   Indians. 
  Kaukauna 
  is 
  on 
  the 
  Fox 
  river, 
  23 
  miles 
  west 
  of 
  Green 
  

   bay, 
  which 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  very 
  oldest 
  settlements 
  in 
  North 
  America, 
  

   at 
  the 
  south 
  end 
  of 
  a 
  large 
  bay 
  of 
  Lake 
  Michigan 
  and 
  the 
  mouth 
  

   of 
  the 
  Fox 
  river. 
  It 
  was 
  the 
  seat 
  of 
  a 
  Jesuit 
  Alission 
  and 
  a 
  depot 
  

   for 
  fur 
  traders. 
  The 
  river 
  was 
  the 
  highway 
  to 
  the 
  ]\Iississippi. 
  Its 
  

   sources 
  are 
  on 
  the 
  south 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  watershed 
  of 
  Lake 
  Superior. 
  

   It 
  runs 
  in 
  a 
  southerly 
  course 
  to 
  the 
  city 
  of 
  Portage, 
  where 
  it 
  turns 
  

   easterly 
  to 
  the 
  bay. 
  The 
  Wisconsin 
  river 
  pursues 
  a 
  similar 
  course 
  

   to 
  Portage, 
  where 
  a 
  slight 
  watershed 
  deflects 
  it 
  westerly 
  to 
  the 
  

   Mississippi. 
  The 
  two 
  rivers 
  come 
  within 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  miles 
  of 
  

   each 
  other 
  and 
  are 
  now 
  joined 
  by 
  a 
  canal. 
  The 
  Indian 
  traders 
  

   used 
  to 
  take 
  their 
  canoes 
  up 
  the 
  Fox 
  river 
  by 
  Kaukauna 
  and 
  

   Neenah 
  to 
  Portage, 
  carry 
  them 
  over 
  the 
  slight 
  ridge, 
  and 
  go 
  down 
  

   the 
  Wisconsin 
  to 
  Prairie 
  du 
  Chien 
  on 
  the 
  Mississippi. 
  Mr 
  P. 
  V. 
  

   Lawson, 
  ex-mayor 
  of 
  Manasha, 
  has 
  written 
  an 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  

   circumstances 
  in 
  which 
  these 
  Luckenbooth 
  brooches, 
  crosses, 
  and 
  

   other 
  trade 
  articles 
  came 
  to 
  be 
  buried 
  in 
  the 
  Indian 
  mounds 
  on 
  this 
  

   route. 
  The 
  method 
  of 
  obtaining 
  the 
  friendship 
  of 
  the 
  Indian 
  tribes 
  

   during 
  the 
  occupation 
  of 
  the 
  French 
  and 
  English 
  was 
  by 
  making 
  

   presents 
  to 
  the 
  savages. 
  By 
  lavish 
  gift 
  making 
  the 
  British 
  had 
  the 
  

   strong 
  support 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  savage 
  tribes 
  of 
  the 
  northwest, 
  even 
  after 
  

   the 
  treaty 
  of 
  1789, 
  and 
  up 
  to 
  and 
  all 
  through 
  the 
  War 
  of 
  181 
  2. 
  

   From 
  memoranda 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  Canadian 
  archives 
  it 
  appears 
  that 
  

   there 
  were 
  given 
  to 
  a 
  chief 
  from 
  the 
  upper 
  country, 
  among 
  other 
  

   items 
  : 
  " 
  three 
  hundred 
  brooches, 
  twelve 
  pair 
  ear-bobs." 
  By 
  means 
  

   of 
  such 
  gifts 
  nearly 
  every 
  tribe 
  in 
  the 
  great 
  northwest 
  fought 
  on 
  

   the 
  British 
  side. 
  

  

  A 
  second 
  letter 
  of 
  inquiry 
  was 
  sent 
  to 
  Dr 
  Anderson, 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  

  

  New 
  York 
  State 
  Museum 
  

  

  Albany, 
  N. 
  Y., 
  December 
  29, 
  1908 
  

   Joseph 
  Anderson, 
  Esq. 
  

  

  National 
  Museum 
  of 
  Antiquities 
  

   Edinburgh, 
  Scotland 
  

  

  Dear 
  sir: 
  I 
  have 
  received 
  your 
  letter 
  of 
  the 
  T5th 
  inst., 
  relative 
  

   to 
  the 
  silver 
  brooches 
  made 
  by 
  the 
  Iroquois 
  Indians 
  after 
  the 
  

   models 
  of 
  the 
  old 
  Scotch 
  Luckenbooth 
  brooches 
  and 
  am 
  deeply 
  

  

  