﻿FIFTH 
  REPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  DIRECTOR 
  I908 
  6/ 
  

  

  in 
  their 
  composition, 
  the 
  technic 
  is 
  bold 
  in 
  its 
  execution 
  and 
  the 
  

   effect 
  is 
  striking 
  without 
  being 
  offensive. 
  In 
  combining 
  designs 
  

   of 
  straight 
  Hues 
  such 
  results 
  are 
  not 
  easy 
  to 
  obtain 
  and 
  the 
  success 
  

   of 
  the 
  Iroquois 
  designers 
  in 
  effecting 
  such 
  pleasing 
  combinations 
  

   is 
  a 
  tribute 
  to 
  their 
  artistic 
  skill. 
  

  

  Seneca 
  societies 
  

  

  During 
  the 
  winter 
  of 
  1904-5 
  the 
  Archeologist 
  made 
  the 
  discovery 
  

   that 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  so 
  called 
  .dances 
  of 
  the 
  Iroquois, 
  such 
  as 
  the 
  Bear 
  

   •dance, 
  the 
  Bird 
  dance 
  or 
  the 
  Buffalo 
  dance, 
  were 
  but 
  public 
  cere- 
  

   monies 
  of 
  secret 
  or 
  semisecret 
  societies. 
  He 
  has 
  continued 
  his 
  

   studies 
  of 
  the 
  rites 
  of 
  the 
  native 
  societies 
  of 
  the 
  Iroquois, 
  has 
  

   translated 
  many 
  rituals, 
  and 
  recorded 
  the 
  ceremonial 
  songs 
  and 
  

   chants 
  on 
  phonograph 
  records. 
  

  

  Prefatory 
  to 
  his 
  notes 
  on 
  the 
  animal 
  societies 
  and 
  other 
  societies 
  

   of 
  the 
  Senecas, 
  the 
  Archeologist 
  makes 
  the 
  following 
  observations 
  

   which 
  may 
  be 
  of 
  some 
  interest 
  to 
  those 
  unacquainted 
  with 
  folk 
  

   societies 
  of 
  aboriginal 
  or 
  primitive 
  peoples 
  : 
  

  

  Secret 
  societies 
  of 
  the 
  Senecas 
  

  

  The 
  instincts 
  and 
  necessities 
  of 
  primitive 
  man 
  were 
  similar 
  to 
  

   those 
  of 
  other 
  animals. 
  Self-preservation 
  was 
  the 
  first 
  instinct 
  

   and 
  all 
  others 
  were 
  subordinate. 
  In 
  order 
  to 
  preserve 
  himself 
  

   it 
  was 
  necessary 
  to 
  obtain 
  food. 
  He 
  destroyed 
  animals 
  for 
  two 
  

   purposes, 
  that 
  he 
  might 
  eat 
  their 
  flesh 
  and 
  that 
  he 
  might 
  not 
  be 
  

   destroyed. 
  Animals 
  likewise 
  sought 
  men 
  for 
  food. 
  Naturally 
  this 
  

   was 
  not 
  agreeable 
  to 
  man, 
  being 
  against 
  his 
  primal 
  instincts. 
  Man, 
  

   "being 
  a 
  thinking 
  animal, 
  able 
  to 
  compare, 
  began 
  to 
  think 
  whether 
  

   it 
  was 
  not 
  as 
  disagreeable 
  for 
  beast 
  animals 
  to 
  be 
  eaten 
  by 
  men 
  

   as 
  for 
  human 
  animals 
  to 
  be 
  eaten 
  by 
  beasts. 
  An 
  idea 
  of 
  this 
  kind 
  

   once 
  implanted 
  resulted 
  in 
  infinite 
  development 
  and 
  gave 
  rise 
  to 
  a 
  

   g-reat 
  number 
  of 
  beliefs 
  and 
  customs. 
  

  

  Probably 
  no 
  people 
  realized 
  so 
  fully 
  that 
  they 
  were 
  animals 
  as 
  

   ^'' 
  primitive 
  man." 
  He 
  saw 
  himself 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  of 
  animals 
  

   among 
  a 
  host 
  of 
  others. 
  But 
  though 
  he 
  realized 
  this, 
  there 
  was 
  

   not 
  a 
  moment 
  that 
  he 
  did 
  not 
  regard 
  himself 
  the 
  superior 
  animal 
  

   and 
  think 
  that 
  all 
  others 
  should 
  be 
  subservient 
  to 
  his 
  wishes. 
  At 
  

   the 
  same 
  time 
  he 
  thought 
  that 
  beasts 
  had 
  rights 
  that 
  should 
  be 
  re- 
  

   spected. 
  He 
  closely 
  observed 
  the 
  beasts 
  and 
  learned 
  whatever 
  he 
  

   could 
  from 
  them. 
  He 
  supposed 
  that 
  other 
  animals 
  were 
  constituted 
  

   mentally 
  much 
  as 
  he. 
  Observing 
  their 
  seeming 
  display 
  of 
  intelli- 
  

  

  