﻿. 
  FIFTH 
  REPQJJT 
  OF 
  THE 
  DIRECTOR 
  I908 
  165 
  

  

  Introduction 
  to 
  Geology 
  [1907. 
  p. 
  384] 
  is 
  the 
  most 
  satisfactory. 
  ^ 
  

   It 
  reads 
  : 
  '' 
  Inliers 
  differ 
  from 
  outliers 
  in 
  not 
  necessarily 
  being 
  

   isolated 
  masses 
  of 
  rock, 
  but 
  merely 
  isolated 
  outcrops 
  of 
  older 
  beds 
  

   which 
  are 
  surrounded 
  by 
  newer 
  strata, 
  though 
  underground 
  they 
  

   may 
  be 
  continuous 
  with 
  very 
  extensive 
  areas 
  of 
  beds. 
  An 
  inlier 
  

   is 
  thus 
  a 
  larger 
  or 
  smaller 
  mass 
  of 
  rock 
  surrounded 
  by 
  beds 
  

   which 
  are 
  geologically 
  younger 
  than 
  itself." 
  Three 
  groups 
  of 
  

   inliers 
  are 
  recognized 
  by 
  Scott, 
  viz 
  those 
  produced 
  by 
  folding 
  

   (anticlines, 
  domes), 
  by 
  faults 
  (" 
  horsts 
  '") 
  and 
  the 
  buried 
  outliers. 
  

  

  A 
  survey 
  of 
  all 
  outcrops 
  of 
  rocks 
  within 
  the 
  State 
  which, 
  being 
  

   surrounded 
  by 
  beds 
  geologically 
  younger, 
  fall 
  under 
  this 
  definition 
  

   of 
  inliers, 
  has 
  furnished 
  various 
  expressions 
  of 
  these 
  phenomena 
  

   which 
  naturally 
  fall 
  into 
  two 
  fundamentally 
  dift'erent 
  larger 
  groups 
  

   as 
  regards 
  their 
  primary 
  causes. 
  The 
  first 
  group 
  is 
  produced 
  solely 
  

   by 
  the 
  agency 
  of 
  water 
  in 
  its 
  different 
  forms, 
  in 
  either 
  . 
  depositing 
  

   or 
  eroding. 
  We 
  distinguish 
  these 
  as 
  deposition 
  and 
  erosion 
  inliers. 
  

   The 
  other 
  group 
  is 
  caused 
  by 
  the 
  diastrophism 
  of 
  the 
  earth, 
  re- 
  

   sulting 
  in 
  folds 
  and 
  faults. 
  

  

  We 
  will 
  now 
  proceed 
  to 
  consider 
  these 
  groups 
  separately. 
  It 
  

   may, 
  however, 
  be 
  mentioned 
  at 
  the 
  outset 
  that, 
  since 
  nature 
  does 
  

   not 
  recognize 
  the 
  clean 
  and 
  simple 
  division 
  lines 
  drawn 
  by 
  man, 
  

   the 
  examples 
  which 
  she 
  furnishes 
  us 
  in 
  this 
  instance 
  are 
  mostly 
  

   the 
  result 
  of 
  several 
  of 
  the 
  processes 
  here 
  cited 
  as 
  producing 
  

   inliers, 
  and 
  they 
  will 
  be 
  placed 
  under 
  those 
  agencies 
  which 
  appear 
  

   to 
  have 
  been 
  most 
  active 
  in 
  their 
  production. 
  

  

  I 
  Deposition 
  inliers. 
  The 
  inliers 
  which 
  are 
  produced 
  by 
  the 
  

   deposition 
  of 
  newer 
  beds 
  around 
  outliers 
  comprise 
  that 
  form 
  

   originally 
  and 
  still 
  now 
  miost 
  generally 
  understood 
  under 
  the 
  term 
  

   inliers. 
  As 
  Scott 
  ^states, 
  " 
  the 
  isolated 
  ' 
  stacks 
  ' 
  and 
  pillars 
  on 
  the 
  

   seacoast 
  are 
  outliers 
  but 
  a 
  movement 
  of 
  depression 
  submerging 
  

   them 
  in 
  the 
  sea 
  would 
  eventually 
  result 
  in 
  their 
  being 
  buried 
  in 
  

   newer 
  deposits, 
  thus 
  changing 
  them 
  into 
  inliers." 
  Inliers 
  which 
  

   originate 
  from 
  true 
  outliers 
  i. 
  e. 
  detached 
  portions 
  of 
  formations, 
  

   will, 
  in 
  practice, 
  be 
  difficult 
  to 
  distinguish 
  from 
  the 
  second 
  group 
  

   of 
  deposition 
  inliers, 
  namely, 
  those 
  resulting 
  from 
  the 
  deposition 
  

   of 
  newer 
  rocks 
  around 
  mere 
  erosional 
  irregularities 
  of 
  still 
  con- 
  

   tinuous 
  strata, 
  a 
  case 
  that 
  must 
  prevail 
  in 
  all 
  folded 
  regions. 
  We 
  

   are 
  not 
  aware 
  of 
  instances 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  kind 
  in 
  this 
  State, 
  although 
  

   the 
  required 
  conditions, 
  i. 
  e. 
  slightly 
  disturbed 
  strata 
  buried 
  by 
  an 
  

   advancing 
  sea, 
  would 
  seem 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  fulfilled 
  repeatedly 
  in 
  the 
  

  

  ^ 
  See 
  also 
  Geikie, 
  J. 
  Structural 
  and 
  Fields 
  Geology. 
  1908. 
  

  

  