﻿l6 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  count 
  of 
  injuries 
  inflicted 
  upon 
  early 
  Moore 
  grapes. 
  One 
  acre 
  of 
  

   this 
  variety, 
  belonging 
  to 
  Mr 
  H. 
  L. 
  Gumming 
  of 
  Fredonia, 
  had 
  60 
  

   to 
  75^ 
  of 
  the 
  blossoms 
  destroyed 
  by 
  this 
  midge. 
  Investigations 
  by 
  

   the 
  writer 
  last 
  June 
  showed 
  that 
  the 
  insect 
  was 
  generally 
  dis- 
  

   tributed, 
  even 
  in 
  extensive 
  vineyards, 
  throughout 
  the 
  grape 
  belt, 
  

   being 
  observed 
  from 
  Fredonia 
  westward 
  to 
  Ripley, 
  while 
  Mr 
  Fred 
  

   Johnson 
  recorded 
  its 
  occurrence 
  at 
  North 
  East, 
  Pa. 
  The 
  injury 
  

   resulting 
  from 
  the 
  attack 
  of 
  this 
  insect 
  simply 
  causes 
  the 
  destruc- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  infested 
  blossom 
  buds. 
  There 
  was 
  some 
  complaint 
  of 
  

   grape 
  clusters 
  being 
  unusually 
  open 
  and 
  irregular 
  during 
  1908, 
  and 
  

   as 
  this 
  midge 
  was 
  abnormally 
  abundant, 
  it 
  was 
  undoubtedly 
  a 
  fac- 
  

   tor 
  in 
  the 
  production 
  of 
  light 
  bunches. 
  Furthermore, 
  it 
  is 
  probable 
  

   that 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  mysterious 
  failures 
  of 
  the 
  grape 
  crop 
  in 
  restricted 
  

   areas 
  may 
  be 
  attributed 
  to 
  the 
  work 
  of 
  this 
  species. 
  An 
  examina- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  grapevines 
  in 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  Albany 
  and 
  at 
  Nassau, 
  N. 
  Y. 
  

   failed 
  to 
  reveal 
  any 
  signs 
  of 
  this 
  insect's 
  work. 
  

  

  Description. 
  The 
  presence 
  of 
  this 
  enemy 
  in 
  a 
  vineyard 
  is 
  easily 
  

   recognized. 
  The 
  infested 
  blossom 
  buds 
  remain 
  closed 
  and 
  are 
  con- 
  

   spicuous 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  their 
  abnormal 
  size. 
  They 
  are 
  about 
  }i 
  

   of 
  an 
  inch 
  in 
  length 
  and 
  usually 
  longer 
  than 
  broad. 
  They 
  vary 
  in 
  

   color 
  from 
  the 
  nearly 
  normal 
  green 
  to 
  a 
  variable 
  red 
  tmted 
  extrem- 
  

   ity. 
  The 
  actual 
  presence 
  of 
  the 
  destructive 
  yellowish 
  maggots 
  is 
  

   easily 
  demonstrated 
  by 
  opening 
  a 
  bud. 
  Seven 
  to 
  eight 
  or 
  ten 
  larvae 
  

   m.ay 
  occur 
  in 
  one 
  blossom 
  bud. 
  The 
  affected 
  buds 
  remain 
  on 
  the 
  

   vines 
  only 
  a 
  short 
  time, 
  dropping 
  within 
  a 
  few 
  days 
  to 
  a 
  week 
  after 
  

   the 
  injury 
  becomes 
  noticeable. 
  

  

  Larva. 
  The 
  pale 
  yellowish 
  or 
  whitish 
  maggot 
  or 
  larva 
  is 
  about 
  

   1/12 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  long 
  and 
  may 
  be 
  easily 
  recog- 
  

   — 
  ' 
  nized 
  by 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  a 
  somewhat 
  charac- 
  

  

  teristic, 
  brownish, 
  forked 
  breastbone 
  near 
  the 
  

   anterior 
  extremity. 
  The 
  younger 
  maggots 
  

   are 
  whitish, 
  becoming 
  lemon-yellow 
  upon 
  at- 
  

   taining 
  full 
  growth. 
  The 
  maggots, 
  together 
  

   with 
  those 
  of 
  related 
  species, 
  have 
  a 
  peculiar 
  

   method 
  of 
  locomotion. 
  The 
  extremities 
  are 
  

   brought 
  together 
  and 
  then 
  suddenly 
  released. 
  

   The 
  movement 
  frequently 
  results 
  in 
  throwing 
  

  

  Fig. 
  3 
  Maggot 
  of 
  grape 
  "^ 
  . 
  

  

  blossom 
  midge, 
  breast- 
  tllC 
  maofSfOt 
  3. 
  dlStaUCC 
  SCVCral 
  timCS 
  itS 
  OWU 
  

   ( 
  bone 
  greatly 
  enlarged. 
  ^° 
  

  

  (Ox-iginal) 
  Icno'th. 
  

  

  o 
  

  

  Fly. 
  The 
  parent 
  insect 
  is 
  an 
  extremely 
  deHcate, 
  pale 
  yellowish 
  

   fl.y 
  only 
  about 
  1/25 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  long. 
  The 
  male 
  is 
  easily 
  recog- 
  

  

  