﻿46 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  where 
  the 
  newly 
  hatched 
  caterpillars 
  can 
  find 
  an 
  abundance 
  of 
  sus- 
  

   tenance. 
  The 
  spring 
  form 
  is 
  so 
  called 
  because 
  the 
  females 
  remain 
  

   in 
  the 
  ground 
  till 
  some 
  time 
  after 
  midwinter, 
  crawling 
  up 
  the 
  trees 
  

   during 
  warm 
  weather, 
  even 
  in 
  February 
  though 
  more 
  usually 
  in 
  

   March. 
  The 
  fall 
  cankerworm 
  is 
  thus 
  designated 
  because 
  the 
  females 
  

   usually 
  crawl 
  up 
  the 
  trees 
  and 
  deposit 
  their 
  eggs 
  in 
  late 
  fall 
  or 
  early 
  

   winter. 
  The 
  eggs 
  of 
  both 
  species 
  hatch 
  at 
  about 
  the 
  same 
  time, 
  

   namely, 
  when 
  the 
  young 
  leaves 
  begin 
  to 
  appear. 
  

  

  Cankerworms 
  are 
  exceedingly 
  voracious 
  and, 
  when 
  present 
  in 
  

   numbers, 
  nothing 
  but 
  the 
  most 
  prompt 
  action 
  will 
  be 
  of 
  service 
  in 
  

   mitigating 
  the 
  trouble. 
  The 
  larvae 
  are 
  somewhat 
  resistant 
  to 
  in- 
  

   secticides 
  and 
  as 
  a 
  consequence 
  it 
  is 
  advisable 
  to 
  spray 
  at 
  the 
  incep- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  the 
  outbreak 
  with 
  paris 
  green 
  ^used 
  at 
  the 
  rate 
  of 
  i 
  pound 
  

   of 
  poison 
  with 
  an 
  equal 
  amount, 
  by 
  weight, 
  of 
  lime, 
  to 
  50 
  to 
  75 
  

   gallons 
  of 
  water. 
  The 
  lime 
  is 
  added 
  to 
  lessen 
  the 
  danger 
  of 
  injury 
  

   by 
  poison. 
  Arsenate 
  of 
  lead 
  can 
  be 
  employed 
  at 
  the 
  rate 
  of 
  i 
  pound 
  

   to 
  7 
  gallons 
  of 
  water, 
  though 
  as 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  slower 
  acting 
  poison, 
  it 
  is 
  

   usually 
  advisable 
  to 
  apply 
  paris 
  green. 
  The 
  homemade 
  arsenite 
  

   of 
  lime 
  is 
  equally 
  effective. 
  Ordinarily 
  one 
  application 
  of 
  poison 
  is 
  

   sufficient, 
  but 
  if 
  this 
  does 
  not 
  prove 
  satisfactory, 
  a 
  second 
  treatment 
  

   should 
  be 
  given 
  a 
  few 
  days 
  or 
  a 
  week 
  later. 
  

  

  Cankerworms 
  spread 
  very 
  slowly, 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  

   females 
  are 
  wingless, 
  and 
  as 
  a 
  result 
  the 
  species 
  must 
  depend 
  

   largely 
  for 
  carriage 
  upon 
  winds 
  and 
  other 
  natural 
  agencies, 
  conse- 
  

   quently 
  an 
  orchard 
  once 
  freed 
  of 
  the 
  pest 
  is 
  not 
  likely 
  to 
  be 
  attacked 
  

   for 
  some 
  time. 
  We 
  have 
  yet 
  to 
  hear 
  of 
  a 
  serious 
  outbreak 
  in 
  

   orchards 
  systematically 
  sprayed 
  from 
  year 
  to 
  year. 
  The 
  ordinary 
  

   treatment 
  for 
  the 
  control 
  of 
  the 
  codling 
  moth 
  and 
  other 
  leaf 
  feeding 
  

   insects 
  is 
  usually 
  sufficient 
  to 
  keep 
  this 
  pest 
  under 
  control. 
  Advan- 
  

   tage 
  may 
  also 
  be 
  taken 
  of 
  its 
  limited 
  means 
  of 
  locomotion 
  and 
  injury 
  

   prevented 
  by 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  sticky 
  bands, 
  such 
  as 
  Tree 
  Tanglefoot, 
  tar 
  

   or 
  printers 
  ink. 
  The 
  Tree 
  Tanglefoot 
  is 
  a 
  new 
  material 
  which 
  has 
  

   come 
  into 
  high 
  favor 
  in 
  eastern 
  Massachusetts 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  used 
  ex- 
  

   tensively 
  in 
  gipsy 
  moth 
  work. 
  Experience 
  has 
  shown 
  that 
  it 
  can 
  be 
  

   applied 
  with 
  practically 
  no 
  injury 
  to 
  most 
  trees, 
  and 
  possesses 
  a 
  

   decided 
  advantage 
  in 
  remaining 
  adhesive 
  for 
  a 
  considerable 
  period. 
  

   It 
  is 
  advisable, 
  if 
  either 
  tar 
  or 
  printers 
  ink 
  is 
  used, 
  to 
  apply 
  these 
  

   materials 
  to 
  a 
  band 
  of 
  tarred 
  paper 
  wrapped 
  around 
  the 
  trunk 
  of 
  

   the 
  tree, 
  rather 
  than 
  to 
  make 
  the 
  application 
  direct 
  to 
  the 
  bark. 
  We 
  

   much 
  prefer 
  to 
  advise 
  the 
  employment 
  of 
  arsenical 
  poisons, 
  since 
  

   they 
  are 
  of 
  service 
  in 
  checking 
  other 
  leaf 
  feeders, 
  rather 
  than 
  to 
  

  

  