74 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 118 



in the basin, the earth outside the vertical cleavage plane is clean, 

 yellow clay, free from humus. Further, the condition in which this 

 structure pattern under the mound was found is so obviously the 

 result of natural forces, unhindered and unmodified by the acts of 

 man, as definitely to suggest that this structure was still standing 

 when abandoned by its builders, and that it so remained until the 

 agencies of time brought about its collapse. After its collapse, the 

 leveling process of erosion made it possible for the early settlers to 

 begin the cultivation of this site, which has continued for nearly a 

 hundred years. 



Mound No. 2 



Mound No. 2 was located about 200 feet west of Mound No. 1. It 

 was constructed of mixed red and yellow clay and contained scat- 

 tered periwinkle shells throughout. The mound was about 65 feet 

 in diameter, its original size being difficult to estimate because of 

 erosion. This mound was on the highest part of the ridge and on 

 three sides sloped rapidly from the crest. This fact, together with 

 the long cultivation of the soil, had produced considerable spreading 

 of the earth from the top of the mound. 



Excavation revealed a humus line which was easily observed. 

 Below this, and extending out into the cultivated field, were scat- 

 tered post molds, as shown in the floor plan of excavation in figure 

 31. As excavation proceeded a floor was uncovered which was at 

 first thought to be the primary floor of the mound, but which later 

 proved to be a secondary level. On this secondary floor a rectan- 

 gular structure 28 by 40 feet was uncovered, as shown by the post- 

 mold pattern. Outside the structure, but at a secondary level, were 

 a number of interesting features, located as shown in figure 31. 



Feature No. 1 was a group of fire-cracked stones mingled with 

 charcoal which covered an area 27 inches by 32 inches. Feature 

 No. 1 was located just outside the southeast corner of the secondary 

 structure and also appears in the left foreground of plate 39, which 

 shows the secondary floor completely uncovered. Feature No. 3 was 

 a pile of small burned limestones mixed with charcoal and ashes. 

 Feature No. 4 was a pile of charred shelled corn. The pile was 1 

 foot wide, iy 2 feet long, and 3 inches thick. The corn was covered 

 over with small pieces of split cane and it lay upon a flooring of 

 split cane. There was no weaving of the cane apparent. The ground 

 plan of the secondary structure is shown in figure 32. The usual 

 trenches with outside horizontal logs were used to hold the vertical 

 posts in place. This structure was very nearly oriented on the car- 

 dinal direction, and was very uniformly constructed, except at the 



