§6 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 118 



the height of the mound, when investigated, represented not more 

 than half of its original height. The number of structures here 

 would argue a considerable length of occupancy of this site, after 

 it attained such importance as to demand a town house. The size 

 of these structures would suggest a village of considerable popula- 

 tion. The seventh and latest structure observable here — 55 feet by 

 27 feet — could possibly seat 240 men, allowing each 6 square feet 

 of floor space. If, for each person of sufficient importance to entitle 

 him to a seat in the town house, we may assume four others in the 

 village, the population here may well have numbered 1,000 inhabit- 

 ants or more. 



Special Features 



Various special features to the number of 42, other than artifacts 

 and burials, will be described in order. Their location will be shown 

 on the base chart (fig. 36) by the symbol F. O. 



Feature No. 1. — A small ash pit 13 inches in diameter and 13 

 inches deep was found southwest of stake 12.5, associated with 13 

 small stones irregularly arranged. This pit was in the present 

 humus layer and had been covered over by erosion from the top of 

 the mound. 



Feature No. 2. — A pile of 83 small stones with no apparent ar- 

 rangement was found near stake 1.3 at a depth of 16 inches. This 

 pile of stones lies in a slight depression under the eroded portion 

 of the mound in the present humus layer. The pile was 4 feet by 

 3 feet and had in association a large fragment of pottery, a stone 

 discoidal 2 inches in diameter, and a large animal bone. 



Feature No. 3. — An area approximately 3 feet by 8 feet southwest 

 of stake 1.4 contained 72 irregularly arranged stones surrounded by 

 midden materia]. This area, also under the eroded portion of the 

 mound, lies in a depression in the mixed clay and humus layer, just 

 above the hardpan. In the midden fragments of pottery and bone 

 were found. The stones in this area — limestone and sandstone — 

 showed no evidence of burning ; neither did the bone fragments show 

 any action of fire. 



Feature No. i. — In the square 8.2-9.1, and 12 inches in depth, a 

 group of 30 stones irregularly placed and associated with pottery 

 fragments lay on the original humus surface. 



Feature No. 5. — Southwest of stake 11.4 a circular area 5 feet in 

 diameter and 10 inches below the surface had become a deep red in 

 color because of fire action. The area was well-defined and hard- 

 burned. 



Feature No. #.— Southwest of stake 11.5, 4 inches deep in the humus 

 layer, seven stones, one quite large, were found in a close pile. 



