funkhousee] ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF NORRIS BASIN 251 



Supernumeraries are occasionally seen, usually in the upper jaw. 



Various types of pyorrhea are found. The commonest form appears 

 to be an alveolar periodontoclasia usually seen at the bases of the 

 incisors and canines. A case of pyorrhea is shown in plate 139, b. 



Many of the skulls show impacted third molars, generally in the 

 lower jaw. This fact certainly does not bear out the theory often 

 advanced in modern dentistry that this condition, as well as some 

 other types of dental pathology, is due to modern methods of cooking 

 foods and to the mixing of races. Certainly the aboriginal Amerinds 

 did not have modern foods nor modern methods of cooking, and the 

 mixing of races, at least from the standpoint of the ethnological classi- 

 fication of races, had not taken place. 



Three of the skulls from Site No. 19 had malposed bicuspids. The 

 norma basalts of one of these skulls, from Burial No. 5 of this site, 

 is shown in plate 137, b. This skull also had an abscess penetrating 

 into the sinus on the upper right second molar. 



Caries of almost every conceivable size, shape, and condition are 

 common. Often these cavities are associated with pyorrhea pockets, 

 particularly on the upper molars. 



Premolars and molars often show serumnal or salivary calculae in 

 which, in addition to the breaking down of the bony edge of the 

 mandible, a considerable calcareous deposit has accumulated in the 

 region of the gum line. One such case, in which the sclerotic hyper- 

 ostosis is so abundant that it forms great' knobs projecting from the 

 edge of the maxilla, is shown in plate 146, b. This is a photograph of 

 Skull No. 13 from Site No. 20 and shows in addition to the dental 

 condition the broad and high malar region so characteristic of these 

 skulls and the wide and subrectangular eye sockets. 



A rather peculiar tooth condition is observed in the case of the 

 skull of a child reported in Burial 6B from Site No. 15. In this 

 skull the upper incisors show a distinct notching, with distinct per- 

 pendicular ridges on the' anterior surfaces. This may not be patho- 

 logical, but is apparently anomalous. This is shown in plate 137, a. 



