16 
from them; in all the present pupal stages I find the structure to 
be identical. 
The total number of pupal specimens found is 34; according 
to grade of development, size, shape of the setæ etc. they may be 
grouped into four stages, in the following designated as B, C, D 
and E. The younger stages are less numerous in my material than 
the older. All are attached by means of their frontal appendage to 
Scopelus glacialis of 14 to 46 mm. length, mostly to young speci- 
mens below 30 mm. Generally each fish has only one pupa attached ; 
but in one case I found two different pupal stages (B and D) fixed 
on the same host (on the right pectoral fin of a Sc. gl. of 28 mm. 
length), which besides had a young female inserted in front of the 
dorsal fin; in another case I found one pupa (D) on a Scopelus 
which also carried a young female protruding in front of the dorsal 
fin. In most cases the pupæ are attached to the fins (in 28 cases 
of the 34), and especially to one of the ventrals (in 13 out of 28 
cases), rarely to the body, and in the latter case mostly to the 
belly in front of the ventrals; in one single case a pupa was found 
on the margin of the right opercle. Evidently the pupæ do not 
prefer the one side of the host to the other, half the number 
being found on the right, the other half on the left side. Their 
fixation is always a firm one; to liberate without -damaging them 
it is safe to use a solution of potash. As in the adult and the 
Cyclops-stage no eyes are seen in the pupal stages, opposite to the 
case of Lernæa branchialis and the supposed Pennella-pupæ of 
Wierzejski. 
Stage B. (Textfig. 2 and 3.) The youngest pupal stage I 
suppose to have been produced through the moulting of the Cyclops- 
stage A. It is somewhat larger than the latter, measuring from 
0,7—0,8 mm. in length; the cephalothorax alone 0,5—0,6 mm. 
Behind the cephalothorax only two abdominal segments are seen, 
followed by an unsegmented part, carrying the anus and very short 
furecal appendages with 4 clumsy indications of setæ. The anten- 
mules are clumsy, short, without segmentation, distally provided with 
