Uei*oh'i of the State Geologist. 257 



now repose can not give us much light or information of their nature 

 or composition."* However all the hills in this region, especially the 

 steep slopes and summits where the soil is only two or three feet in 

 thickness, are more fertile when the Corniferous limestone is the under- 

 lyinor rock than tho-e hills farther south where the soil is underlain by 

 Hamilton shales and sandstones. 



The " blue limestone " as it is locally designated is darker than in 

 Western New York (see specimens from Batavia and Le Roy of the 

 Genesee section f) and the exposures of the Unadilla section are 

 probably darker in color than those farther east. Yanuxem said in his 

 final report, referring to the Third Geological District of the State 

 survey, "the color of the rock [Corniferous limestone] is more dark at 

 the west than the east end of the district,";^ while the Unadilla section 

 is approximately half way bet'ween the eastern and western limits of 

 that district. The difference in color mig]at possibly be explained by 

 a greater deposition of carbonaceous matter in this portion of the 

 formation than in that farther east or west, which would correspond 

 roughly to the greatest thickness of the overlying Marcellus 

 shale. § 



The first local station examined was Cha]3man's Quarry, No. 469A,|[ 

 in Paris township, Oneida county, which is nearly one mile north of 

 Babcock Hill and a little more than that distance southeast of Cassville. 

 The rock is massive, weathering but slightly, not enough to injure its 

 durability, and five feet out of an exposure of six feet is worked and 

 used for building and flagging stones. The strata of massive stone are 

 from two to ten inches in thickness, generally separated by shah^ layers 

 containing fossils. The fossils, which are mostly Brachiopods, frag- 

 ments of Crustacea, segments of Ciinoid stems, and fev/, if any Corals, 

 are rare in the upper strata of massive stone, and near the bottom of 

 the quarry appear to be confined to the shaly layers. Two laj'-ers of 

 hornstone, each about b^" in thickness separated by 11'' of compact 

 limestone are near the top of the quarrj\ In these layers of hornstone, 

 fossils are quite common, especially Atrypa reticularis^ Linne. When 

 the rock is freshly broken there is a noticeably strong petroleum odor. 



The complete fauna of No. 496A, is given below. 



* Emmons in Agri. N. Y., vol. i, p. 218; also see p. 176, and (Jeol. N. Y., Pt. IV, p. 170. 

 t Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., vol. xxxiv, p. 221. 

 iGeol. N. Y., Pt. HI, p. 140; also see Agri. N. Y., vol. i, p. 178. 

 § Geol. N. Y., Pt. m, pp. 147-8; and Pt. IV, p. 179. 



\ The numbers of the stations have been asi^igned by the U. S. National Museum, where the 

 material upon which this report is based wiU eventually be deposited. 



