Ninth Report of the State Entomologist 341 



of the apple in the first part of the season, but later-hatclied ones lay 

 their eggs on the side of the apple as well as in the eye." 



Accepting, therefore, as a fact, that in Tasmania eggs are frequently 

 placed on the body of the apple, may not the explanation be found in 

 the insular limitation of Tasmania, comparatively a small area of 

 orchards, and such an abundance of the insect under conditions highly 

 favorable to its multiplication, as to render it almost impossible for the 

 moth to find an apple the blossom end of which has not already 

 received an a^^ or two, and therefore compelled by instinct to resort 

 to the side ? Professor Riley has found that, in an instance where 

 several moths were confined under a jar with a single apple, that in a 

 few days it was fairly riddled with yonng larvse.* The eggs had no 

 doubt been placed at random, anywhere on the apple. In Tasmania, 

 the codling-moth had been a notorious pest for many years — at least 

 thirty — before its introduction into the Australian colonies. 



The latitude of Central Tasmania is about equal, in degrees from 

 the equator, to that of Central New York. 



A recent publication by W. H. Munson, Horticulturist of the Maine 

 State College Agricultural Experiment Station,! shows that the apple 

 worm enters the fruit much more frequently from other points than at 

 the calyx than had been hitherto supposed. He states: " The objection 

 has been raised by some of our fruit-growers that a large proportion 

 of the affected fruit is entered from side or base, and consequently that 

 spraying before the fruit turns down has no special merit." 



The following result is extracted, in condensed form, from a table 

 given by Mr. Munson, from the examination of six trees of Rhode 

 Island greenings, four of which, had been sprayed twice with one 

 pound of Paris green in 250 (in two trees) and 310 gallons of water. 



The four sprayed trees gave 346 ^ormy apples, of which 133 (=38.5 

 per cent) had been entered from the calyx, and 213 (=61.5 per cent) 

 from the side or base. 



The two unsprayed trees gave 449 w^ormy apples, of which 252 

 (^= 56.1 per cent) had been entered from the calyx, and 197 (=^ 43.9 

 per cent) from the side or base. 



Of the entire number of wormy apples on the six trees, more tlian 

 one-half (51.5 per cent) had been entered from the side or base. 



This large proportion may probably be accounted for by the state- 

 ment made by Mr. Munson, that "a large proportion of the fruit 



* Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture for the Year 1887, page 91. 



t Annual Report of the Maine State College Agricultural Experiment Station for 1891-1892, 

 jia^e 105. 



