374 Forty-sixth Report on tee State Museum 



published, but we believe has not been altogether correctly given.* 

 Further study will undoubtedly show some sinaple and effective method 

 for preventing its destruction of the buds and blossoms and twigs. 



In addition to the injury to the fruit, as stated above, by the large 

 amount of sap drawn from the leaves and twigs by the myriads of 

 plant-lice, a portion of it has been scarred by the burrowing into it of 

 a " case-worm " — a species of Coleophora, which is being studied at 

 present. t The small caterpillar projects its front segments from its 

 case, and eats round holes into the apples to a moderate depth and of 

 about the diameter of a large-sized pin. Several of the apples have 

 been excavated or deeply pitted by a larger caterpillar — one of the 

 "leaf-rollers," and j^robably Cocoecia ar^yrOtS/^xYa (Walker), which is 

 known to inflict similar injury to pears. The remedy for these two 

 insects would be arsenical spraying. None of the fruit shows the 

 presence of the apple-worm of the codling-moth. The timely spray- 

 ing with Paris green seems to have prevented it. 



During the coming month of July, most of the more destructive 

 apple pests will have passed away, and the insects occurring then and 

 later would be more effectively reached by a kerosene emulsion than 

 with Paris green. The number of the sprayings during the spring and 

 early summer should be governed by obserA'ation of the species of 

 Jisects operating, and the amount of harm that they are inflicting. 



Beet Insects. 



The following inquiry in regard to serious injury to beets in the 

 vicinity of Rochester, N. Y., was answered, as below, through the 

 Country Gentleynan of July 16th, 1891: 



I send beet plants, and would be greatly obliged if information can 

 be given as to what the insect is that has been affecting not only the 

 market- gardener's sale of greens for the past three years, but also the 

 subsequent growth of the beets. — J. H. C. 



There is no one insect that is answerable for the recent injury to the 

 beet crop mentioned above. The increased cultivation of the beet in 

 our country, as encouraged by the beet- sugar industry, has added 



* It has subsequently been fully worked out by Mr. M. V. SUngerland, and published in. 

 Bulletin 50, March, 1893, of Cornell University Experiment Station. 



+ The insect has since been described by Prof. Fernald as Coleophora Fletcherella. See 

 Canadian Entomologist, xxiv, 1892, p. 122. 



