{Euonymus europceus) afford a little shelter. Sweet Briar {Rosa 

 rubiginosa) can be found. If the chalk be newly exposed, robust plants 

 spring up, Mignonette {Reseda lutea). Dyer's Rocket {R. luteola). Musk 

 Thistle {Carduus nutans), and the rare Woolly Thistle (C. eriophorus), 

 while the Wild Sea Cabbage {Brassica oleracea) and the Horned Poppy 

 {Glaucium flavum), normally seashore plants, are here established fully 

 a mile inland. 



THE WARREN 



Copt Point to Shakespeare Cliff (2437—2538). 



The Warren appears from a distance as a narrow strip of broken 

 ground overgrown with scrub and small bushes. It is, however, larger 

 than it seems, for it contains grassy slopes and sizeable thickets with 

 fully grown trees. Narrow paths wind in all directions, but apart from 

 a cinder track running from the first Martello Tower by the railway 

 down to Warren Halt, these other paths are steep and rough. 



Though most of the vegetation is characteristic chalk flora, in 

 places outcrops of the red sand of the Lenham beds, spilling over the 

 cliffs at Capel, give rise to a woodland flora, typical of neutral sandy 

 zones. In spring, the deepest parts of the thickets are full of Prim- 

 roses; in summer. Tutsan {Hypericum androsa^mum), and Nettle- 

 Leaved Bellflower {Campanula trachelium), can be found, with masses 

 of Hart's Tongue Ferns {Scolopendrium vulgare); while in winter the 

 bright scarlet seeds of the Stinking Iris {Iris foetidissima) are con- 

 spicuous. A rare plant found in some quantity on the broken chalk 

 ridges is the Nottingham Catchfly {Silene nutans); the cliffs are 

 colonized by Viper's Bugloss {Echium vulgare), clumps of Valerian 

 {Centranthus ruber). Wild Wallflower {Cheiranthus cheiri), and Sea 

 Stock {Matthiola sinuata); and where sand and chalk meet are large 

 patches of Sea Lavender {Statice binervosa). Several sm.all sandy 

 beaches afford homes for some interesting seashore plants, Horned 

 Poppy, Prickly Saltwort {Salsola kali). Viscid Groundsel {Senecio 

 viscosa), the beautiful mauve Sea Rocket {Cakile maritima), and, in 

 one place, the uncommon Golden Samphire {Inula crithmoides), a Com- 

 posite not to be confused with Sea Samphire {Crithmum maritimum), 

 an Umbelliferous plant common on chalk cliffs. 



Outcrops of Gault in East Wear Bay give rise to damp spots over- 

 grown with Sedges and Rushes; there are a few interesting species, but 



continued on page 41 



