﻿NIAGARA 
  FALLS 
  AND 
  VICINITY 
  yi 
  

  

  a 
  guide 
  to 
  the 
  young 
  Niagara. 
  The 
  southward 
  continuation 
  of 
  

   this 
  channel 
  beyond 
  the 
  Devil's 
  hole, 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  valley 
  of 
  

   Bloody 
  run, 
  a 
  shallow 
  but 
  distinct 
  depression 
  now 
  followed 
  in 
  part 
  

   by 
  the 
  Lewiston 
  branch 
  of 
  the 
  New 
  York 
  Central 
  railroad 
  and 
  

   evidently 
  of 
  preglacial 
  origin, 
  as 
  its 
  floor 
  is 
  covered 
  with 
  till. 
  

  

  Next 
  above 
  this 
  lowest 
  section 
  of 
  the 
  gorge 
  is 
  one, 
  in 
  general 
  

   much 
  broader, 
  and 
  extending 
  in 
  a 
  southwest 
  direction 
  from 
  the 
  

   Devil's 
  hole 
  to 
  the 
  whirlpool, 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  a 
  little 
  less 
  than 
  two 
  

   miles. 
  This 
  section 
  is 
  contracted 
  near 
  its 
  middle 
  by 
  the 
  projection 
  

   from 
  the 
  Canadian 
  bank, 
  known 
  as 
  Fosters 
  flats, 
  or 
  Niagara 
  glen.. 
  

  

  The 
  river 
  is 
  here 
  scarcely 
  300 
  feet 
  wide, 
  though 
  the 
  tops 
  of 
  the 
  

   banks 
  are 
  in 
  places 
  over 
  1700 
  feet 
  apart. 
  Above 
  Fosters 
  flats 
  and 
  

   almost 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  the 
  whirlpool, 
  the 
  river 
  is 
  very 
  calm, 
  and 
  apparently 
  

   deep, 
  while 
  at 
  the 
  point 
  of 
  contraction 
  at 
  the 
  southern 
  end 
  of 
  Fos- 
  

   ters 
  flats, 
  the 
  waters 
  suddenly 
  become 
  tumultuous 
  and 
  rush 
  

   through 
  the 
  narrow 
  channel 
  with 
  great 
  velocity. 
  This 
  sudden 
  

   change 
  'has 
  been 
  attributed 
  to 
  a 
  sudden 
  decrease 
  in 
  depth 
  of 
  the 
  

   river 
  at 
  this 
  point, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  evident 
  that, 
  even 
  if 
  the 
  channel 
  had 
  the 
  

   same 
  depth 
  as 
  above, 
  the 
  sudden 
  contraction 
  would 
  produce 
  a 
  

   similar 
  effect, 
  for 
  the 
  waters, 
  spread 
  out 
  over 
  a 
  broad 
  and 
  deep 
  

   channel, 
  on 
  being 
  suddenly 
  forced 
  to 
  pass 
  through 
  a 
  narrow 
  one, 
  

   would 
  from 
  mere 
  crowding 
  into 
  a 
  smaller 
  space 
  assume 
  a 
  violent 
  

   aspect. 
  

  

  Niagara 
  glen, 
  or 
  Foster's 
  flats 
  

  

  PLATE 
  8 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  interesting 
  places 
  along 
  the 
  whole 
  

   Niagara 
  river, 
  though 
  generally 
  little 
  visited 
  by 
  tourists. 
  From 
  the 
  

   Canadian 
  side 
  a 
  platform 
  of 
  limestone 
  projects, 
  whose 
  surface 
  is 
  a 
  

   little 
  below 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  general 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  upland 
  plain, 
  from 
  which 
  

   it 
  is 
  separated 
  by 
  a 
  steep 
  bluff. 
  The 
  platform 
  is 
  known 
  as 
  Winter- 
  

   green 
  flat, 
  and, 
  though 
  sparingly 
  wooded, 
  is 
  very 
  deficient 
  in 
  soil. 
  

   The 
  bluff 
  which 
  bounds 
  it 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  is 
  a 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  old 
  river 
  

   bank. 
  On 
  the 
  remaining 
  sides 
  this 
  platform 
  is 
  limited 
  by 
  abruptly 
  

   descending 
  cliffs, 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  extensive 
  talus 
  

   slopes 
  descending 
  to 
  a 
  lowland 
  of 
  considerable 
  extent. 
  This 
  low- 
  

   land, 
  which 
  is 
  known 
  as 
  Fosters 
  flats, 
  has 
  its 
  surface 
  well 
  strewn 
  

  

  