﻿NIAGARA 
  FALLS 
  AND 
  VICINITY 
  II/ 
  

  

  is 
  no 
  conclusive 
  evidence 
  that 
  the 
  rock 
  is 
  brecciated, 
  nevertheless 
  

   the 
  coloration 
  strongly 
  suggests 
  it. 
  

  

  This 
  rock 
  is 
  commonly 
  very 
  porous 
  in 
  its 
  upper 
  portion, 
  the 
  

   cavities 
  being 
  often 
  lined 
  with 
  crystals 
  of 
  calcite 
  or 
  other 
  minerals. 
  

   The 
  smaller 
  of 
  the 
  cavities 
  are 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  dissolving 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  small 
  

   coral, 
  Cyathophyllum 
  hydraulicum, 
  which 
  was 
  ex- 
  

   ceedingly 
  abundant 
  in 
  the 
  upper 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  stratum. 
  This 
  coral 
  is 
  

   generally 
  found 
  in 
  a 
  prostrate 
  position, 
  with 
  the 
  mold 
  perfectly 
  pre- 
  

   served 
  in 
  the 
  inclosing 
  rock 
  matrix, 
  so 
  that 
  a 
  perfect 
  cast 
  of 
  the 
  

   coral 
  can 
  be 
  obtained 
  by 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  gutta 
  percha 
  or 
  dentist's 
  wax. 
  

   The 
  best 
  exposure 
  of 
  this 
  rock 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  walls 
  of 
  the 
  quarries 
  of 
  the 
  

   Buffalo 
  cement 
  co. 
  It 
  may 
  also 
  be 
  seen 
  in 
  the 
  face 
  of 
  the 
  Onon- 
  

   daga 
  escarpment 
  at 
  Williamsville 
  and 
  eastward. 
  In 
  many 
  places 
  in 
  

   the 
  cement 
  quarries, 
  the 
  upper 
  part 
  of 
  this 
  Hmestone 
  is 
  rich 
  in 
  iron 
  

   pyrites, 
  which 
  commonly 
  occurs 
  in 
  small 
  cubes, 
  not 
  infrequently- 
  

   oxidized 
  to 
  limonite. 
  Green 
  stains 
  of 
  hydrous 
  carbonate 
  of 
  copper,, 
  

   or 
  malachite, 
  are 
  not 
  uncommon, 
  these 
  resulting 
  probably 
  from 
  the 
  

   decomposition 
  of 
  chalcopyrite, 
  which 
  is 
  disseminated 
  in 
  minute 
  

   grains 
  through 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  rock. 
  Many 
  of 
  the 
  geode 
  cavities 
  

   contain 
  scalenohedra 
  or 
  acute 
  rhombohedra 
  of 
  calcite, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  sul- 
  

   .fate 
  of 
  strontian. 
  

  

  A 
  remarkable 
  feature 
  of 
  the 
  Manlius 
  limestone 
  of 
  the 
  Niagara 
  re- 
  

   gion 
  is 
  the 
  nature 
  of 
  the 
  fossil 
  fauna 
  which 
  it 
  contains. 
  This 
  fauna 
  

   shows 
  an 
  intimate 
  relation 
  to 
  the 
  Coralline 
  limestone 
  fauna 
  of 
  Scho- 
  

   harie 
  county 
  (N. 
  Y.) 
  a 
  rock 
  which 
  is 
  regarded 
  the 
  eastern 
  equiva- 
  

   lent 
  of 
  the 
  Lockport 
  (Niagara) 
  limestone 
  of 
  this 
  region. 
  Several 
  

   of 
  the 
  species 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  Manlius 
  limestone 
  of 
  this 
  region 
  are 
  

   identical 
  with 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  Coralline 
  limestone, 
  while 
  between 
  other 
  

   representative 
  species 
  of 
  the 
  two 
  formations 
  there 
  exists 
  a 
  very 
  close 
  

   relationship. 
  It 
  is 
  difficult 
  to 
  escape 
  the 
  conclusion 
  that 
  the 
  Man- 
  

   lius 
  limestone 
  fauna 
  of 
  the 
  Niagara 
  region 
  is 
  a 
  late 
  return 
  of 
  the 
  

   Coralline 
  limestone 
  fauna, 
  at 
  the 
  close 
  of 
  the 
  long 
  interval 
  during 
  

   which 
  the 
  Salina 
  shales 
  were 
  deposited 
  in 
  the 
  Siluric 
  seas 
  of 
  this 
  

   region. 
  

  

  The 
  Siluro-Devonic 
  contact 
  

  

  The 
  Manlius 
  limestone 
  of 
  the 
  Niagara 
  region 
  is 
  succeeded 
  by 
  the 
  

   Onondaga 
  limestone 
  of 
  Devonic 
  age. 
  The 
  latter 
  rests 
  unconform- 
  

  

  