﻿NIAGARA 
  FALLS 
  AND 
  VICINITY 
  

  

  119 
  

  

  This 
  dike, 
  which 
  can 
  be 
  clearly 
  traced 
  in 
  the 
  wall 
  of 
  the 
  quarry 
  for 
  

   a 
  distance 
  of 
  perhaps 
  30 
  feet 
  in 
  an 
  east 
  and 
  west 
  direction, 
  was 
  

  

  Fig. 
  23 
  Channel 
  in 
  Manliu^ 
  limestone 
  with 
  Oi-iskany 
  sandstone 
  and 
  conglomerate 
  layers, 
  capped 
  

   by 
  Onondaga 
  limestone, 
  Buffalo 
  cement 
  quarry. 
  

  

  caused 
  by 
  the 
  filling 
  of 
  an 
  ancient 
  fissure 
  in 
  the 
  Siluric 
  strata, 
  by 
  

   sands 
  forcibly 
  injected 
  from 
  above. 
  The 
  fissure 
  had 
  a 
  total 
  depth 
  

   of 
  about 
  10 
  teet; 
  its 
  walls 
  were 
  very 
  irregular, 
  and 
  at 
  intervals 
  lateral 
  

   fissures 
  extended 
  in 
  both 
  directions. 
  (See 
  Fig. 
  24) 
  All 
  of 
  these 
  are 
  

   now 
  filled 
  with 
  pure 
  quartz 
  sand, 
  firmly 
  united 
  into 
  a 
  quartzose 
  

   sandstone 
  by 
  the 
  deposition 
  of 
  additional 
  silica 
  in 
  the 
  interstices 
  be- 
  

   tween 
  the 
  sand 
  grains. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  24 
  Sandstone 
  dilce 
  in 
  the 
  Siluric 
  strata 
  of 
  the 
  Buffalo 
  cement 
  quarries. 
  (After 
  Clarke) 
  

  

  The 
  dike 
  penetrates 
  the 
  " 
  bullhead 
  " 
  rock 
  and 
  enters 
  the 
  water- 
  

   lime 
  to 
  a 
  depth 
  of 
  from 
  2 
  to 
  3 
  feet. 
  It 
  is 
  squarely 
  cut 
  off 
  at 
  the 
  

   top, 
  where 
  the 
  Onondaga 
  limestone 
  rests 
  on 
  its 
  truncated 
  end 
  and 
  

   on 
  the 
  limestone 
  flanking 
  it. 
  The 
  Onondaga 
  limestone 
  is 
  entirely 
  

   unaffected 
  by 
  the 
  dike, 
  being 
  evidently 
  deposited 
  after 
  the 
  formation 
  

   and 
  truncation 
  of 
  this 
  remarkable 
  mass 
  of 
  sandstone. 
  The 
  width 
  of 
  

  

  