﻿NIAGARA 
  FALLS 
  AND 
  VICINITY 
  265 
  

  

  cespitose 
  — 
  matted, 
  tangled 
  or 
  growing 
  in 
  low 
  tufts 
  

  

  cheeks 
  — 
  lateral 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  cephalon, 
  divided 
  into 
  fixed 
  and 
  free 
  cheeks, 
  

  

  of 
  a 
  trilobite 
  

   chelae 
  — 
  pincer-like 
  claw 
  terminating 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  legs 
  of 
  Crustacea 
  

   chilidium 
  — 
  covering 
  for 
  the 
  chilyrium 
  

   chilyrium 
  — 
  triangular 
  opening 
  under 
  the 
  beak 
  of 
  the 
  brachial 
  valve 
  in 
  those 
  

  

  brachiopods 
  in 
  which 
  that 
  valve 
  is 
  furnished 
  with 
  a 
  hinge 
  area 
  

   chitinous 
  — 
  composed 
  of 
  chitin, 
  the 
  substance 
  forming 
  the 
  horny 
  wings 
  or 
  

  

  elytra 
  of 
  beetles, 
  and 
  the 
  carapaces 
  of 
  Crustacea 
  

   cicatrix 
  — 
  a 
  scar 
  

  

  cincture 
  — 
  depression 
  anterior 
  to 
  the 
  beak 
  in 
  the 
  shell 
  of 
  some 
  pelecypods 
  

   cirri 
  — 
  root-like 
  appendages 
  to 
  the 
  stem 
  of 
  crinoids 
  

   clastic 
  — 
  consisting 
  of 
  fragments, 
  i. 
  e. 
  rocks 
  made 
  of 
  fragments 
  of 
  older 
  

  

  rocks 
  

   clavate 
  — 
  club-shaped 
  

   clavicle 
  — 
  heavy 
  internal 
  ridge 
  running 
  downward 
  from 
  the 
  beak 
  in 
  some 
  

  

  pelec3-pods 
  

   columella 
  — 
  central 
  or 
  axillary 
  rod 
  

   compound 
  corallum 
  — 
  made 
  up 
  of 
  corallites, 
  either 
  separate 
  or 
  closely 
  joined 
  

  

  by 
  their 
  walls 
  (ex. 
  Favosites) 
  

   composite 
  corallum 
  — 
  compound 
  cora'.lum 
  with 
  coenenchyma 
  or 
  extrathecal 
  

  

  calcareous 
  tissue 
  connecting 
  the 
  corallites 
  (ex. 
  Galaxia 
  and 
  many 
  other 
  

  

  recent 
  forms) 
  

   concavo-convex 
  — 
  shells 
  of 
  brachiopods 
  are 
  normally 
  concavo-convex, 
  when 
  

   . 
  the 
  brachial 
  valve 
  is 
  concave, 
  and 
  the 
  pedicle 
  valve 
  convex; 
  reversed 
  or 
  

  

  resupinate, 
  when 
  the 
  reverse 
  condition 
  obtains 
  

   confluent 
  — 
  blended 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  demarcation 
  is 
  not 
  visible 
  

   coniferae 
  — 
  order 
  of 
  arborescent 
  plants 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  pines, 
  firs, 
  etc. 
  belong 
  

   consequent 
  stream 
  — 
  type 
  of 
  stream 
  which 
  flows 
  down 
  the 
  original 
  con- 
  

   structional 
  slope 
  of 
  the 
  land 
  

   corallites 
  — 
  individual 
  tubes 
  of 
  a 
  compound 
  corallum 
  

   corallum 
  — 
  calcareous 
  skeleton 
  of 
  a 
  single, 
  or 
  of 
  a 
  colonial, 
  coral 
  stock 
  

   corneous 
  — 
  horny 
  

   coronal 
  — 
  crown-like 
  

  

  costae 
  — 
  extrathecal 
  extensions 
  of 
  the 
  septa 
  of 
  the 
  corals 
  

   costals 
  — 
  first 
  brachial 
  or 
  arm-plates 
  of 
  the 
  crinoids 
  lying 
  between 
  the 
  

  

  radials 
  and 
  the 
  first 
  bifurcation 
  of 
  the 
  arms 
  

   counter 
  quadrants 
  — 
  quadrants 
  bounding 
  the 
  counter 
  septum 
  of 
  a 
  Tetra- 
  

  

  corallum 
  

   counter 
  septum 
  — 
  front 
  primary 
  septum 
  of 
  the 
  Tetracoralla, 
  opposite 
  the 
  

  

  cardinal 
  septum; 
  the 
  secondary 
  septa 
  are 
  parallel 
  to 
  it 
  

   crenulated 
  — 
  notched 
  to 
  produce 
  series 
  of 
  teeth 
  

  

  crura 
  — 
  apophyses 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  brachidium 
  of 
  the 
  brachiopods 
  is 
  attached 
  

   cuesta 
  — 
  topographic 
  relief 
  element, 
  resulting 
  from 
  the 
  normal 
  dissection 
  of 
  

  

  a 
  coastal 
  plain 
  composed 
  of 
  alternating 
  harder 
  and 
  softer 
  strata 
  (see 
  

  

  p. 
  40) 
  

  

  