﻿314 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  experiment 
  station 
  bulletin 
  81, 
  records 
  an 
  instance 
  where 
  this 
  insect 
  

   spread 
  from 
  an 
  infested 
  tree 
  up 
  a 
  gully 
  with 
  the 
  prevailing 
  winds, 
  while 
  

   it 
  made 
  no 
  progress 
  in 
  the 
  opposite 
  direction. 
  This 
  insect, 
  in 
  badly 
  

   infested 
  orchards, 
  is 
  frequently 
  found 
  in 
  considerable 
  numbers 
  on 
  the 
  

   fruit, 
  and 
  in 
  such 
  cases 
  the 
  adult 
  females 
  may 
  be 
  producing 
  numbers 
  of 
  

   young 
  daily 
  in 
  the 
  early 
  fall. 
  There 
  is 
  no 
  record 
  known 
  to 
  me 
  of 
  dis- 
  

   tribution 
  of 
  the 
  San 
  Jose 
  scale 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  infested 
  fruit, 
  but 
  such 
  is 
  a 
  

   source 
  of 
  danger 
  to 
  adjacent 
  orchards, 
  where 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  carried 
  or 
  thrown 
  

   by 
  careless 
  boys 
  or 
  men; 
  and, 
  if 
  it 
  is 
  put 
  on 
  the 
  market 
  and 
  sold 
  in 
  an 
  

   uninfested 
  locaHty, 
  it 
  may 
  result 
  in 
  the 
  introduction 
  of 
  the 
  scale 
  there. 
  

   All 
  that 
  is 
  necessary 
  is 
  that 
  such 
  fruit 
  with 
  bearing 
  females 
  be 
  left 
  close 
  

   to 
  a 
  suitable 
  food 
  plant. 
  This 
  danger 
  should 
  be 
  guarded 
  against 
  so 
  far 
  

   as 
  practicable. 
  

  

  Careful 
  investigations 
  by 
  the 
  officials 
  connected 
  with 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  

   department 
  of 
  agriculture 
  at 
  Washington 
  have 
  shown, 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  not 
  

   the 
  slightest 
  danger 
  of 
  living 
  San 
  Jose 
  scales 
  being 
  carried 
  on 
  dried 
  

   fruits, 
  as 
  the 
  drying 
  is 
  fatal 
  to 
  the 
  insects. 
  

  

  Preventives 
  of 
  attack. 
  The 
  most 
  effectual 
  and 
  in 
  most 
  cases 
  the 
  

   most 
  practical 
  method 
  of 
  preventing 
  injury 
  by 
  this 
  insect 
  lies 
  in 
  excluding 
  

   it 
  from 
  the 
  orchard. 
  There 
  are 
  even 
  now 
  localities 
  in 
  Long 
  Island 
  where 
  

   the 
  infestation 
  of 
  adjacent 
  trees 
  is 
  bound 
  to 
  nullify 
  any 
  attempt 
  to 
  exclude 
  

   this 
  pest. 
  Exclusion 
  is 
  possible, 
  however, 
  in 
  most 
  places 
  in 
  the 
  state. 
  A 
  

   fruit-grower's 
  first 
  care 
  should 
  be 
  to 
  admit 
  to 
  his 
  premises 
  no 
  trees 
  or 
  

   shrubs 
  of 
  any 
  kind 
  that 
  may 
  harbor 
  this 
  or 
  other 
  dangerous 
  insects. 
  

   The 
  inspection 
  of 
  nurseries 
  of 
  New 
  York 
  state 
  has 
  done 
  much 
  to 
  render 
  

   difficult 
  the 
  sale 
  of 
  stock 
  infested 
  with 
  this 
  scale 
  insect 
  ; 
  but 
  there 
  

   is 
  always 
  a 
  chance 
  that 
  some 
  infested 
  trees 
  may 
  be 
  received 
  by 
  a 
  

   dealer 
  from 
  outside, 
  become 
  mixed 
  with 
  that 
  pronounced 
  clean 
  by 
  the 
  

   inspector 
  and 
  sold 
  as 
  such, 
  and 
  there 
  is 
  also 
  a 
  small 
  possibiHty 
  that 
  once 
  

   in 
  a 
  while 
  a 
  few 
  infested 
  trees 
  may 
  escape 
  the 
  inspector's 
  eye. 
  There 
  

   have 
  been 
  several 
  cases 
  in 
  this 
  state 
  where 
  a 
  very 
  few 
  of 
  these 
  scale 
  in- 
  

   sects 
  must 
  have 
  lived 
  on 
  trees 
  supposed 
  to 
  be 
  clean 
  for 
  three 
  to 
  five 
  

   years, 
  at 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  which 
  time 
  it 
  was 
  suddenly 
  found 
  that 
  they 
  were 
  

   badly 
  infested 
  with 
  the 
  pest. 
  These 
  facts 
  are 
  exceedingly 
  strong 
  argu- 
  

   ments 
  in 
  favor 
  of 
  buying 
  only 
  stock 
  that 
  has 
  been 
  thoroughly 
  fumigated 
  

   by 
  hydrocyanic 
  acid 
  gas, 
  as 
  this 
  treatment 
  is 
  the 
  best 
  safeguard 
  against 
  

   the 
  ^occasional 
  scale 
  insect. 
  

  

  Not 
  only 
  is 
  it 
  necessary 
  to 
  prevent 
  the 
  actual 
  introduction 
  of 
  scale-in_ 
  

   tested 
  stock 
  in 
  the 
  orchard 
  or 
  on 
  the 
  farm, 
  but 
  the 
  fruit-grower 
  will 
  soon 
  

  

  