﻿SCALE 
  INSECTS 
  OF 
  IMPORTANCE 
  315 
  

  

  find 
  it 
  of 
  advantage, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  possible, 
  so 
  to 
  locate 
  his 
  orchards 
  as 
  to 
  re- 
  

   duce 
  to 
  a 
  minimum 
  the 
  danger 
  of 
  this 
  and 
  other 
  insect 
  pests 
  being 
  con- 
  

   veyed 
  by 
  natural 
  agents 
  from 
  adjacent 
  orchards 
  to 
  his 
  own. 
  A 
  man 
  

   can 
  never 
  tell 
  what 
  pests 
  a 
  neighbor 
  may 
  unfortunately 
  have 
  in 
  his 
  or- 
  

   chard, 
  or 
  in 
  a 
  long 
  series 
  of 
  years 
  just 
  how 
  much 
  care 
  that 
  orchard 
  may 
  

   receive. 
  It 
  is 
  therefore 
  good 
  business 
  to 
  have 
  valuable 
  orchards 
  some- 
  

   what 
  isolated; 
  and, 
  if 
  one 
  man 
  be 
  fortunate 
  enough 
  to 
  possess 
  several, 
  

   it 
  would 
  be 
  well 
  to 
  have 
  them 
  somewhat 
  separated 
  and 
  thus 
  offer 
  a 
  seri- 
  

   ous 
  obstacle 
  to 
  the 
  spread 
  of 
  this 
  or 
  other 
  pests 
  from 
  one 
  orchard 
  to 
  an- 
  

   other. 
  A 
  row 
  of 
  evergreen 
  trees 
  between 
  adjacent 
  orchards 
  would 
  prob- 
  

   ably 
  prove 
  of 
  considerable 
  service 
  in 
  preventing 
  the 
  carriage 
  of 
  scale 
  and 
  

   other 
  insects 
  from 
  one 
  orchard 
  to 
  another. 
  

  

  Possibility 
  of 
  extermination. 
  There 
  is 
  no 
  one 
  at 
  all 
  famihar 
  

   with 
  the 
  conditions, 
  who 
  expects 
  to 
  see 
  New 
  York 
  state 
  eventually 
  freed 
  

   from 
  this 
  pest. 
  It 
  is 
  beyond 
  the 
  possibihties. 
  The 
  insect 
  may 
  be 
  eradi- 
  

   cated 
  from 
  certam 
  places 
  where 
  it 
  has 
  not 
  gained 
  much 
  of 
  a 
  foothold, 
  

   but, 
  as 
  a 
  general 
  rule, 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  doubtful 
  that 
  the 
  pest 
  will 
  be 
  cleared 
  

   from 
  any 
  locality 
  where 
  it 
  has 
  become 
  even 
  fairly 
  established, 
  because 
  

   people 
  will 
  not 
  ordinarily 
  adopt 
  the 
  radical 
  measures 
  necessary 
  to 
  exter- 
  

   minate 
  it. 
  There 
  are 
  records 
  of 
  the 
  insect 
  having 
  been 
  exterminated 
  

   from 
  limited 
  localities, 
  but 
  this 
  line 
  of 
  work 
  is 
  advisable 
  only 
  where 
  the 
  

   infestation 
  is 
  comparatively 
  recent, 
  the 
  area 
  where 
  the 
  pest 
  occurs 
  sharply 
  

   defined 
  and 
  distant 
  from 
  other 
  infested 
  trees 
  or 
  shrubs. 
  Exclusion 
  is 
  the 
  

   most 
  promising 
  method 
  of 
  protecting 
  an 
  orchard 
  and 
  next 
  to 
  that 
  the 
  

   adoption 
  of 
  methods 
  for 
  keeping 
  the 
  insect 
  within 
  moderate 
  bounds. 
  

   Because 
  there 
  has 
  been 
  difficulty 
  in 
  controlling 
  this 
  pest, 
  it 
  need 
  not 
  be 
  

   assumed 
  that 
  such 
  will 
  always 
  be 
  the 
  case. 
  This 
  insect 
  is 
  no 
  longer 
  

   greatly 
  feared 
  in 
  certain 
  parts 
  of 
  California, 
  and 
  the 
  indications 
  are 
  most 
  

   favorable 
  for 
  the 
  finding 
  of 
  a 
  practicable 
  method 
  of 
  controlHng 
  the 
  insect 
  

   in 
  the 
  eastern 
  United 
  States. 
  

  

  Method 
  of 
  extermination. 
  Dig 
  up 
  by 
  the 
  roots 
  every 
  infested 
  tree 
  

   and 
  others 
  at 
  all 
  likely 
  to 
  have 
  this 
  scale 
  insect 
  on 
  them 
  and 
  burn 
  them 
  

   at 
  once, 
  unless 
  this 
  work 
  be 
  done 
  in 
  the 
  late 
  fall, 
  when 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  advis- 
  

   able 
  to 
  allow 
  the 
  uprooted 
  trees 
  to 
  he 
  in 
  a 
  pile 
  till 
  about 
  June 
  i 
  before 
  

   burning, 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  permit 
  the 
  escape 
  of 
  any 
  beneficial 
  parasites 
  which 
  

   may 
  be 
  present. 
  Digging 
  up 
  by 
  the 
  roots 
  is 
  quite 
  important 
  because 
  a 
  

   few 
  scale 
  insects 
  may 
  be 
  found 
  on 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  tree 
  below 
  the 
  surface 
  

   of 
  the 
  ground. 
  A 
  less 
  radical 
  method 
  would 
  be 
  to 
  destroy 
  the 
  infested 
  

   trees 
  as 
  described 
  above 
  and 
  to 
  treat 
  the 
  suspected 
  ones 
  most 
  thoroughly 
  

  

  