﻿33^ 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  Hunter, 
  S. 
  J. 
  Coccidae 
  of 
  Kansas. 
  Kan. 
  univ. 
  quarterly. 
  Jan.. 
  

   1899. 
  8 
  : 
  ii-i 
  2 
  (critical 
  notes). 
  

  

  King, 
  G. 
  B. 
  Two 
  new 
  coccids 
  from 
  Bermuda. 
  Psyche. 
  8 
  : 
  350 
  

   (in 
  Massachusetts 
  greenhouses) 
  ; 
  BibUography 
  of 
  Massachusetts 
  Cocci- 
  

   dae. 
  Can. 
  ent. 
  1900. 
  32:12 
  (same); 
  Coccidae 
  of 
  the 
  ivy. 
  1900, 
  

  

  32 
  : 
  214-15 
  (list 
  of 
  species, 
  synonymy). 
  

  

  Remedial 
  measures 
  against 
  armored 
  scale 
  insects 
  

  

  The 
  recommendations 
  on 
  the 
  following 
  pages 
  are 
  based 
  very 
  

   largely 
  on 
  experiences 
  with 
  the 
  pernicious, 
  or 
  San 
  Jose 
  scale, 
  and 
  in 
  a 
  

   number 
  of 
  cases 
  they 
  are 
  advised 
  only 
  for 
  that 
  insect. 
  Measures 
  found 
  

   effective 
  against 
  this 
  pest 
  can 
  hardly 
  fail 
  to 
  give 
  satisfactory 
  results 
  when 
  

   used 
  under 
  similar 
  conditions 
  against 
  the 
  other 
  species 
  treated. 
  The 
  ex- 
  

   perience 
  of 
  the 
  last 
  few 
  years 
  has 
  demonstrated 
  that 
  in 
  certain 
  sections 
  of 
  

   this 
  state 
  nothing 
  but 
  continuous 
  fighting 
  will 
  prevent 
  serious 
  damage 
  

   to 
  orchards 
  infested 
  by 
  the 
  pernicious, 
  or 
  San 
  Jose 
  scale. 
  

  

  Only 
  contact 
  insecticides 
  of 
  value. 
  It 
  hardly 
  seems 
  necessary 
  

   to 
  dwell 
  on 
  this 
  subject. 
  It 
  is 
  quite 
  well 
  understood 
  that 
  scale 
  insects 
  

   draw 
  their 
  sustenance 
  from 
  the 
  underlying 
  plant 
  tissues 
  through 
  a 
  slender 
  

   proboscis 
  or 
  haustellum. 
  This 
  method 
  of 
  feeding 
  renders 
  it 
  impossible 
  

   to 
  kill 
  the 
  pests 
  by 
  using 
  paris 
  green 
  or 
  other 
  stomach 
  or 
  internal 
  poisons. 
  

   The 
  only 
  way 
  to 
  get 
  at 
  these 
  creatures 
  is 
  to 
  apply 
  to 
  them 
  some 
  substance 
  

   which 
  will 
  kill 
  by 
  contact, 
  and 
  even 
  this, 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  armored 
  

   scales 
  and 
  some 
  others, 
  is 
  difficult 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  protective 
  covering 
  

   which 
  may 
  shield 
  the 
  insect 
  to 
  a 
  considerable 
  extent. 
  There' 
  are 
  plenty 
  

   of 
  substances 
  which 
  will 
  kill 
  these 
  pests, 
  but 
  the 
  difficulty 
  is 
  to 
  find 
  some- 
  

   thing 
  which 
  will 
  not 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  injure 
  the 
  tree. 
  The 
  cost 
  of 
  

   material 
  and 
  its 
  effect 
  on 
  the 
  apparatus 
  employed 
  must 
  also 
  be 
  considered. 
  

  

  Whale 
  oil 
  soap. 
  The 
  winter 
  or 
  early 
  spring 
  treatment 
  for 
  the 
  per- 
  

   nicious, 
  or 
  San 
  Jose 
  scale 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  most 
  effectual 
  and 
  satis- 
  

   factory. 
  The 
  infested 
  trees 
  should 
  first 
  of 
  all 
  be 
  trimmed 
  back 
  severely. 
  

   This 
  not 
  only 
  economizes 
  m 
  the 
  amount 
  of 
  material 
  necessary, 
  but 
  ren- 
  

   ders 
  it 
  possible 
  to 
  give 
  more 
  effectual 
  treatment. 
  Thorough 
  spraying 
  with 
  

   a 
  potash 
  whale 
  oil 
  soap 
  solution, 
  using 
  2 
  pounds 
  to 
  a 
  gallon 
  of 
  water 
  and 
  

   applying 
  it 
  just 
  before 
  the 
  buds 
  open, 
  will 
  check 
  this 
  pest 
  severely 
  and 
  

   will 
  not 
  injure 
  the 
  trees. 
  This 
  treatment 
  is 
  perfectly 
  safe, 
  and, 
  if 
  

   thoroughly 
  carried 
  out, 
  quite 
  satisfactory, 
  but, 
  judging 
  from 
  our 
  experi- 
  

   ence, 
  it 
  can 
  not 
  be 
  relied 
  on 
  to 
  kill 
  all 
  the 
  scales. 
  It 
  should 
  prove 
  

   equally 
  effective 
  against 
  the 
  allied 
  species 
  of 
  Asp 
  idiot 
  us. 
  It 
  is- 
  

  

  