﻿SCALE 
  INSECTS 
  OF 
  IMPORTANCE 
  341 
  

  

  Sometimes 
  the 
  acid 
  spatters 
  a 
  little 
  during 
  the 
  reaction, 
  and 
  this 
  precaution 
  

   is 
  to 
  prevent 
  injury 
  either 
  to 
  the 
  tree 
  or 
  to 
  the 
  tent. 
  If 
  the 
  tent 
  is 
  already 
  

   over 
  the 
  tree, 
  look 
  to 
  see 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  properly 
  secured 
  and 
  all 
  of 
  the 
  sod 
  

   cloth 
  covered, 
  except 
  on 
  the 
  windward 
  side 
  where 
  the 
  chemicals 
  are 
  to 
  

   be 
  inserted. 
  Then 
  take 
  the 
  cyanid, 
  previously 
  weighed 
  out 
  and 
  placed 
  

   in 
  a 
  thin 
  paper 
  bag, 
  reach 
  under 
  the 
  tent, 
  carefully 
  drop 
  it 
  into 
  the 
  

   acid 
  and 
  water 
  and 
  at 
  once 
  draw 
  down 
  the 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  tent 
  and 
  cover 
  

   the 
  remainder 
  of 
  the 
  sod 
  cloth. 
  The 
  contents 
  of 
  the 
  earthenware 
  ves- 
  

   sel, 
  after 
  the 
  tent 
  has 
  been 
  removed, 
  should 
  be 
  carefully 
  buried 
  near 
  

   the 
  tree. 
  Take 
  special 
  pains 
  to 
  see 
  that 
  none 
  of 
  it 
  comes 
  in 
  contact 
  with 
  

   a 
  tent. 
  Some 
  preliminary 
  figuring 
  and 
  a 
  little 
  experience 
  will 
  soon 
  make 
  

   one 
  quite 
  expert 
  in 
  estimating 
  the 
  contents 
  of 
  a 
  box 
  tent 
  above 
  de- 
  

   scribed. 
  Other 
  forms 
  of 
  tents 
  are 
  in 
  use, 
  but 
  the 
  above 
  is 
  probably 
  the 
  

   best 
  for 
  young 
  trees, 
  though 
  it 
  can 
  not 
  be 
  handled 
  well 
  in 
  a 
  stiff 
  breeze. 
  

   A 
  bell-shaped 
  tent 
  with 
  its 
  lower 
  edge 
  attached 
  to 
  a 
  large 
  hoop 
  is 
  used 
  

   considerably 
  in 
  California, 
  and 
  this 
  can 
  be 
  handled 
  in 
  treating 
  small 
  trees 
  

   without 
  the 
  aid 
  of 
  a 
  mast. 
  The 
  sheet 
  tent, 
  which 
  is 
  nothing 
  more 
  than 
  a 
  

   square 
  of 
  properly 
  treated 
  canvas 
  of 
  sufficient 
  size, 
  is 
  also 
  much 
  used 
  in 
  

   that 
  state, 
  specially 
  on 
  large 
  trees. 
  

  

  Fumigation 
  of 
  nursery 
  stock. 
  The 
  mere 
  possibility 
  of 
  the 
  

   introduction 
  of 
  the 
  San 
  Jose 
  scale 
  or 
  some 
  other 
  insect 
  pest 
  should 
  

   be 
  a 
  sufficient 
  reason 
  for 
  the 
  careful 
  fruit-grower 
  to 
  prefer 
  fumigated 
  

   stock, 
  and 
  the 
  advisability 
  of 
  this 
  treatment 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  trees 
  

   open 
  to 
  the 
  shghtest 
  suspicion 
  of 
  harboring 
  such 
  an 
  insect 
  is 
  con- 
  

   ceded 
  by 
  every 
  careful 
  fruit-gro*ver 
  and 
  nurseryman. 
  The 
  methods 
  

   of 
  doing 
  this 
  are 
  essentially 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  those 
  mentioned 
  above 
  for 
  

   orchard 
  fumigation 
  except 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  much 
  more 
  convenient 
  to 
  treat 
  

   nursery 
  stock 
  in 
  a 
  special 
  building 
  or 
  room, 
  and 
  allowance 
  must 
  be 
  

   made 
  for 
  the 
  more 
  tender 
  varieties. 
  The 
  essentials 
  of 
  a 
  fumigating 
  

   chamber 
  are 
  that 
  it 
  must 
  be 
  gas-tight, 
  easily 
  closed 
  and 
  opened 
  from 
  

   the 
  outside, 
  readily 
  ventilated 
  and 
  so 
  arranged 
  that 
  there 
  will 
  be 
  no 
  

   difficulty 
  in 
  placing 
  the 
  chemicals 
  where 
  a 
  practically 
  uniform 
  distribu- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  the 
  gas 
  will 
  be 
  insured. 
  A 
  slat 
  floor, 
  eight 
  or 
  more 
  inches 
  from 
  

   the 
  ground, 
  under 
  which 
  the 
  gas 
  may 
  be 
  generated, 
  is 
  a 
  decided 
  advan- 
  

   tage 
  as 
  it 
  gives 
  a 
  more 
  uniform 
  distribution 
  of 
  the 
  insecticide. 
  The 
  room 
  

   may 
  be 
  only 
  a 
  few 
  feet 
  square 
  or 
  large 
  enough 
  to 
  contain 
  a 
  load 
  of 
  trees 
  

   on 
  a 
  wagon, 
  according 
  to 
  the 
  needs 
  of 
  the 
  firm 
  or 
  individual. 
  Small 
  lots 
  

   of 
  trees 
  can 
  be 
  fumigated 
  in 
  a 
  box, 
  but 
  as 
  a 
  rule 
  this 
  is 
  not 
  advisable. 
  

   The 
  materials 
  necessary 
  to 
  make 
  a 
  gas-tight 
  house, 
  as 
  worked 
  out 
  by 
  

  

  