﻿PLEISTOCENE 
  GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  NASSAU 
  CO. 
  AND 
  BOROUGH 
  OF 
  QUEENS 
  665 
  

  

  Cone. 
  Conical 
  pile 
  of 
  rudely 
  stratified 
  sand 
  and 
  gravel 
  often 
  with 
  included 
  

   boulders 
  with 
  a 
  fan-shaped 
  outward 
  base, 
  and 
  a 
  steep 
  face 
  toward 
  the 
  posi- 
  

   tion 
  formerly 
  held 
  by 
  the 
  ice 
  front 
  against 
  which 
  it 
  was 
  deposited 
  by 
  out- 
  

   pouring, 
  waste-laden 
  water 
  from 
  the 
  ftielting 
  ice 
  

  

  Crease. 
  One 
  of 
  the 
  channels 
  formerly 
  held 
  by 
  a 
  stream 
  coursing 
  over 
  the 
  surface 
  

   of 
  a 
  delta 
  or 
  glacial 
  sand 
  plain 
  and 
  now 
  usually 
  dry 
  for 
  the 
  reason 
  that 
  the 
  

   water 
  came 
  from 
  the 
  melting 
  ice 
  along 
  the 
  front 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  deposit 
  was 
  built 
  

  

  Cuesta. 
  In 
  physical 
  geography, 
  a 
  land 
  form 
  consisting 
  of 
  a 
  perceptibly 
  inclined 
  

   plain 
  overlooking 
  a 
  steep 
  slope 
  or 
  escarpment 
  on 
  its 
  higher 
  side, 
  developed 
  

   by 
  erosion 
  on 
  the 
  retreating 
  outcrop 
  edge 
  of 
  a 
  gently 
  inclined 
  hard 
  stratum 
  

  

  Digitation. 
  Fingerlike 
  branching 
  of 
  the 
  headwater 
  tributaries 
  of 
  streams 
  

  

  Drift. 
  See 
  Glacial 
  drift 
  

  

  Drumlin. 
  Lenticular 
  or 
  oval, 
  drum-shaped 
  hill 
  composed 
  of 
  till 
  deposited 
  by 
  

   an 
  ice 
  sheet; 
  distinguished 
  from 
  a 
  kame 
  by 
  its 
  usually 
  greater 
  size, 
  its 
  elon- 
  

   gate 
  oval 
  form, 
  and 
  its 
  composition 
  

  

  Drumlinoid. 
  Having 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  a 
  drumlin 
  

  

  Esker. 
  Long 
  winding 
  ridge 
  of 
  gravel 
  and 
  sand, 
  often 
  associated 
  with 
  glacial 
  

   sand 
  plains 
  and 
  kames, 
  and 
  considered 
  by 
  most 
  geologists 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  deposit 
  

   made 
  in 
  the 
  channel 
  of 
  a 
  subglacial 
  stream 
  

  

  Esker-fan. 
  Small 
  glacial 
  sand 
  plain 
  or 
  delta 
  with 
  a 
  lobate 
  outward 
  margin 
  and 
  a 
  

   terrace, 
  often 
  cuspate, 
  on 
  the 
  inward 
  margin 
  facing 
  the 
  ice 
  sheet 
  against 
  wdiich 
  

   it 
  was 
  formed 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  that 
  the 
  associated 
  esker 
  was 
  being 
  deposited 
  

   inside 
  the 
  ice 
  sheet 
  

  

  Fore-set 
  beds. 
  Cross 
  bedding 
  often 
  on 
  a 
  large 
  scale 
  developed 
  in 
  formation 
  of 
  

   the 
  subaqueous 
  portion 
  of 
  deltas. 
  Each 
  fore-set 
  bed 
  is 
  an 
  underwater 
  talus 
  

   formed 
  at 
  the 
  growing 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  delta 
  where 
  the 
  stream 
  coursing 
  over 
  the 
  

   surface 
  of 
  the 
  delta 
  drops 
  its 
  load 
  on 
  reaching 
  open 
  water. 
  The 
  beds 
  incline 
  

   steeply 
  forward 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  delta 
  is 
  building, 
  hence 
  the 
  

   name. 
  Fore-set 
  beds 
  are 
  usually 
  overlain 
  by 
  the 
  top-set 
  beds, 
  which 
  see 
  

  

  Fosse. 
  Depression 
  or 
  unfilled 
  area 
  often 
  found 
  between 
  the 
  terraced 
  ice 
  contact 
  

   of 
  glacial 
  sand 
  plains 
  and 
  morainal 
  mounds 
  forming 
  a 
  belt 
  within 
  the 
  ice 
  

   covered 
  field, 
  as 
  on 
  Nantucket 
  

  

  Glacial 
  drift. 
  In 
  a 
  general 
  sense, 
  the 
  boulders, 
  till, 
  gravels, 
  sands 
  and 
  clays 
  

   transported 
  by 
  glaciers 
  or 
  the 
  stream 
  flowing 
  from 
  them; 
  specifically 
  in 
  some 
  

   writings, 
  unstratified 
  or 
  ice-laid 
  drift. 
  Unmodified, 
  unstratified, 
  or 
  unassorted 
  

   drift 
  are 
  expressions 
  referring 
  to 
  the 
  till 
  or 
  ice 
  -laid 
  drift; 
  modified, 
  stratified, 
  

   or 
  assorted 
  drift 
  are 
  expressions 
  applied 
  to 
  the 
  water 
  -laid 
  gravels, 
  sands, 
  and 
  

   clays 
  produced 
  in 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  melting 
  glaciers 
  or 
  remnant 
  masses 
  of 
  ice 
  

  

  Glacial 
  lobe. 
  One 
  of 
  the 
  lobate 
  protrusions 
  of 
  the 
  margin 
  of 
  an 
  ice 
  sheet, 
  some- 
  

   times 
  a 
  score 
  or 
  more 
  miles 
  in 
  width 
  as*where 
  the 
  ice 
  has 
  been 
  free 
  to 
  spread 
  

   out 
  in 
  depressions 
  along 
  its 
  margin 
  

  

  Glacial 
  retreat. 
  A 
  glacier 
  is 
  said 
  to 
  retreat 
  when 
  its 
  front 
  recedes. 
  The 
  ice 
  may 
  

   be 
  actually 
  moving 
  forward 
  toward 
  this 
  front, 
  but 
  the 
  rate 
  of 
  backward 
  melt- 
  

   ing 
  at 
  the 
  front, 
  if 
  it 
  exceeds 
  the 
  rate 
  of 
  for\yard. 
  rripyement, 
  will 
  cause 
  th§ 
  

   position 
  of 
  the 
  front 
  to/reced^ 
  

  

  