38 PROCEEDINGS OF THE PRINCETON MEETING 



ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE RECENT EXPOSURE OF THE SARATOGA SPRINGS 



BY JOHN M. CLARKE 



(Abstract) 



The Saratoga Mineral Springs Basin is now the property of the State of 

 New York, and the operations of the State Commission have exposed the fault 

 escarpment very effectively. The views exhibited showed this and also the 

 operations being carried on, partly for the purpose of finding the disappearing 

 or furcated southern extremity of this displacement. 



Presented in full without notes. 



AN ALTERNATIVE EXPLANATION OF THE ORIGIN OF THE SARATOGA 

 MINERAL WATERS 



BY B. BUEDEMANN 



(Abstract) 



study of the Saratoga region has led to the theory that the waters come 

 from below the mountain regions to the east, where meteoric waters reach 

 the level of the Ozarkic and Beekmantown limestones. These limestones to- 

 ward the east are buried, on account of great overthrusts, by an increasing 

 depth of shaly and sandy rocks, and reach there a depth where metamorphism 

 sets in and carbonic acid is produced in the recrystallization of the limestones 

 to silicates. These waters follow the limestone horizon upward and westward, 

 and, on account of the thick shale covering to the northeast, east and south, 

 find the only easy exit around Saratoga near the fault. 



Presented in full without notes. 



Discussion 



Dr. Henry M. Ami: At the time of the litigation going on referred to by 

 Doctor Ruedemann, the information available on the Saratoga Springs prob- 

 lem respecting the source and origin of the chalybeate waters of that portion 

 of New York State was based to a gi-eat extent on records furnished by the 

 diamond-drill core (1,006 feet in length) which the Hon. Senator Hathom had 

 in his possession and placed at the disposal of the writer. The succession of 

 formations in the fault valley and precise location of the chalybeate waters 

 in the Hathom well pointed to the occurrence of calcareous and dolomitic 

 strata in the greater depths of the well, the chemical dissolving of which led 

 to the production of COj. The fault blocks of the region appertain to one 

 period, probably the close of the Paleozoic, while the thrust fault to the east 

 must belong to a later period. The work of uncovering the fault in the valley 

 at Saratoga Springs, of redeeming and unrolling the waters, as well as im- 

 provement of this wonderful zone of chalybeate waters by the State of New 

 York, is not only most important, but commendable; and, by following the 

 geological structure and indications of nature, will mean much for the whole 

 country. 



Adjournment of the section was taken about 5.30 o'clock p. m. 



