«4 PROCEEDIXGS OF THE PEIXCETON MEETTXG 



and limestones. These deposits occur at Manuels. Topsail, Long Pond. Chapel 

 Gove, and Brigns. within 10 miles of each other, on Conception Bay, and are 

 also found some 50 miles to the northwest, on Smith Sound, in Trinity Bay, 

 and are said to occur as well some 50 miles to the southwest, on Placentia Bay. 

 They are best seen and studied in Manuels Bro«>k. where the derK;»sit occupies 

 an interrupted zone of some 20 to 30 feet, consisting of an alternate series of 

 rhythmic bands and l«itieles of green, brown, and red color of jaspery aspect, 

 and nodules of pink and green color, and other bands of crystalline character, 

 the whole series interbedded with red and green shales. On analysis the 

 jaspery bands and nodules are found to be complex manganiferous carbonates. 

 They are of undoubted primary marine origin because of their sedimentary 

 association, such as their occurrence in conformable beds at the same horizon 

 at widely separated ix>ints and containing fossils in the beds adjacent to the 

 nodular t^ands within the manganiferous zone. 



Bead in full from manuscript. 



GEOLOGY OF THE WABAXA IROX ORB OF XEWFOUXDLAXD 

 BY ALBERT O. HAYBS ** 



{Abstract) 



The paper describes the petrology, chemistry, and origin of extensive pri- 

 mary bedded deposits of oolitic iron ore which occur on Great Bell Island 

 Conception Bay. Newfoundland, in sediments of Arenic age. and yield annually 

 more than 1.500.000 tons of ore for export to Canada, the United States, 

 England, and Germany. A distinctive fauna exhibiting European affinities is 

 preserved in the ore horizon. The oolitic iron ore of the Armoricain Peninsula, 

 France, holds a similar fauna and is almost identical lithologically. The re- 

 sults of an exhaustive investigation into the petrology and chemistry of the 

 ore are followed by a discussion of its origin. The iron-bearing minerals are 

 shown to l»e hematite, green silicates similar to thuringite and chamosite. and 

 siderite. Photographs and descriptions of thin-sections, accompanied by chemi- 

 cal analy.^es. illustrate the character of the ore. The presence of from 1 to 

 2 per cent of phosphorus in the ore is shown to be due to fossil brachiopods 

 composed largely of calcium phosphate. The stratigraphy and paleontok^y of 

 the ore series support the view of their primary bedded origin and indicate 

 that they were laid down in bays as marine off-shore shallow-water deposits. 

 Certain kinds of marirse life, such as brachiopods. trilobites. and worms, lived 

 abundantly in these waters and indicate that excessive concentration of iron 

 salts could not have occurred, while the presenc-e of algje in the ferruginous 

 beds suggests the iron-fixing action of such organisms as the means of con- 

 centration. 



Eead in full from manuscript. 



"Introduced by Gilbert van Ingen. 



