CYCLONIC STORMS IN TEMPERATURE LATITUDES 519 



bility of the maps, the general features stand out quite strongly. In the 

 first place, as to the unreliable parts, it is doubtful whether in figure 11 

 the areas of deficiency in the far northeast, northwest, and especially the 

 southwest, should be so pronounced as they are. This feature probably 

 arises from the fact that more abundant observations were available at 

 the time of the sun-spot minimum of 1888-1890 than in the preceding 

 maximum. Disregarding these features, however, we see that there is a 

 distinctly belted character like that of the American maps. In the first 

 place, each map shows a belt of deficiency in the North Atlantic Ocean 

 near Iceland. Then follows a belt of excess occupying the oceanic area 

 between Iceland and Scotland and extending over into Scotland and the 

 northwestern part of Scandinavia. The next belt of deficiency begins in 

 Ireland, covers southern and western England and northwestern France. 

 Although broken in figure 11, it extends northeastward across the North 

 Sea into Scandinavia, crosses the northern arm of the Baltic, and after 

 another interruption becomes pronounced once more in Finland. The 

 third belt, which is an area of great storminess during sun-spot maxima, 

 begins in central France and extends northeastward into Eussia. Its 

 southwestern extremity, however, is more or less detached from the rest 

 and seems to be on the point of disappearing in figure 11. Farther to 

 the east an area of comparative deficiency in figure 10 and of actual de- 

 ficiency in figure 11 lies over southwestern Eussia and Hungary. Beyond 

 it there is a third belt of increasing storminess lying over the Balkan 

 Peninsula. Until more exact data are available it is not possible to place 

 much reliance on the minor features of these maps. The division into 

 belts running northeast and southwest, however, is unmistakable, and so, 

 too, is the tendency for these belts to be broken in certain places, such as 

 southern France, Hungary, and the region just north of the Alps. The 

 phenomena are essentially the same as in America. There are at least 

 two and possibly three main belts of excessive storminess and an equal 

 number of belts of deficiency at times of numerous sun-spots. Local cir- 

 cumstances, such as seas and mountains, disturb the continuity of the 

 belts, and this is perhaps the reason why they are less regular than in 

 America. During periods when the sun-spots are few the belts tend to 

 disappear and the storms are concentrated in the main continental area. 

 The surrounding areas are characterized by diminished storminess. 



This corresponds with the evidence of the trees at Eberswalde. The 

 trees grow fast, it will be remembered, at times when the rainfall of the 

 months from April to November is particularly abundant. Figures 10, 

 11, and 12 show that northern GeriYiany is one of the areas where storms 

 notably increase at periods of sun-spot maxima. This does not mean, 



