EFFECT OF CLIMATJC CHANGES ON GLACIATION 559 



data and has prepared a summary which is inserted below. It is a pleas- 

 ure to express my appreciation of Mr. Free's work and my gratitude for 

 liis cooperation.^ 



"Sixty-two basins either contain nnmistakal)le lake evidences or belong to 

 one of the three great lake groups mentioned below. Two of these, the Lake 

 Lahontan and Lake Bonneville groups, comprise twenty-nine present basins,^ 

 some of which were once flooded by the waters of the lakes, while some were 

 higher tributary valleys now cut off hydrographically by the decay of the 

 drainage systems. At its maximum stage Lake Bonneville discharged into the 

 Columbia River. Lake Lahontan never overflowed. Each, however, has left a 

 complex series of strands, terraces, and wave-bars, recording the fluctuations 

 of its rise and fall. Wherever the waters of Bonneville or Lahontan invaded 

 the smaller subsidiary basins the walls of the latter carry the terrace systems 

 of the greater lakes, but as the fall of the waters exposed the divides and split 

 the larger basins into smaller the subsidiary basins developed lower terrace 

 systems different in each. This, complicated by temporary overflow from one 

 subsidiary basin into another, has produced a total record of much complexity 

 and which has not yet been read in full detail.^ 



"The third group, that of the Owens-Searle lake chain, has been studied only 

 recently, especially by H. S. Gale and by the writer. It appears that Owens 

 Lake formerly' stood at a higher level and overflowed southward through the 

 pass now followed by the Owens Valley branch of the Southern Pacific Rail- 

 way. This discharge filled and overflowed the shallow basin of China Lake, 



iSee United States Department of Agi-icultiu-e. Bulletin 54. 1914, by E. E. Free. This 

 contains full topographic details. A list of undrained basins is given on pages 60-61, 

 and all of these are shown on an accompanying map. For the convenience of readers 

 who may wish to refer to this list, Mr. Free divides the basins into the following groups 

 in addition to the main group treated in the present paper : 



(1) Twenty-two basins not sufficiently known to the writer to enable discussion con- 

 cerning the existence or non-existence of lake relicta. These basins are : Guano, Oregon ; 

 Long Valley, Huntoon, Goldfiield, Penoyer, Gold Flat, Emigrant, Frenchman Flat, Sheep 

 Range, Spring Valley, and Opal Mountain, Nevada; Saline Valley, Eureka, Willard, 

 Granite Mountain, Owl, Ivanpah, and Danby Lake, California ; Salt Basin, Texas ; La- 

 guna Guzman, Mexico ; Red Desert, Wyoming, and Hualpai, Arizona. 



(2) Thirty-two additional basins were formerly hydrographic parts of other basins or 

 were drained to the sea. These are : Silver Lake, Summer Lake, Harney, White Horse, 

 and Goose Lake, Oregon ; Thousand Creek, Fairview, Acme, Luning, Mina, Kingston, 

 Smiths Creek, Kawich, Yucca, Indian Spring, Pintwater, Lee Canyon, and Gannett, Ne- 

 vada ; Klamath Lakes, Aurora, Mesquite Lake, Dale Lake, Palen Lake, Bristol Lake, 

 Cadiz Lake, Laguna Maquata, and Carriso Plains, California ; Pinos Wells, Lordsburg 

 Dry Lake, and the Plains of San Augustine, New Alexico ; Cochise, Arizona, and San 

 Luis Valley, Colorado. 



(3) Of the remaining basins there are ten in which careful examination has failed to 

 disclose unmistakable evidences of former lakes. These are : Christmas Lake, Oregon ; 

 Gabbs Valley, Rhodes, Garfield, Teels, Monte Cristo, Clayton, and Edwards Creek, Ne- 

 vada, and Deep Springs Valley and Kane, California. In two of these cases (Christmas 

 Lake and Kane) there is a doubtful possibility of previous overflow, and in four others 

 (Garfield, Teels, Edwards Creek, and Deep Springs Valley) the writer has found topo- 

 graphic forms which may possibly be lake terraces, but which are too doubtful to justify 

 a definite conclusion to that effect. 



2 These are individually indicated in the list of Bulletin 54, above referred to. 



3 Active work is in progress on this problem mainly by Prof. J. Claude Jones, of the 

 University of Nevada, and by Mr. H. S. Gale, of the T^. S. Geological Survey. 



