PERMIAN GLACIATIOK 



588 



line of figure 21, but never departs far from 5. Then, beginning witli 

 group E, which includes all places having an anomaly of less than 1°, we 

 see that there is a steady decrease in cloudiness as the anomaly becomes 

 greater in the plus direction. In other words, where the temperature is 

 lower than would be expected, there is a fairly high degree of cloudiness, 

 whereas where the temperature is higher than would be expected there is 

 relatively little cloudiness. This looks as if there were a distinct relation 

 between unusually high anomaly and the absence of clouds. Over the 

 ocean this relationship does not seein to be of any importance, as appears 

 in the upper curve of figure 21. Over the lands, hoAvever, as appears in 

 the lower curve, it is distinct, although a marked irregularity occurs at 

 D, and there are almost no data for groups A and B. Taken as a whole, 

 the curves are not very conclusive except in one point. There can be no 

 question that over the lands — that is, in the places where the climate 

 depends most closely on the sun — an extreme excess of heat is found 

 where the cloudiness is least. 



Anomaly 



+5° 



10 Clouds 



Figure 22. — Temperature Anomalies for various Degrees of Cloudiness, according to 



Table 8 



Upper line = land areas 



Lower line ^ oceanic areas 



Middle line = oceans and land combined 



Let US test the matter in another way. In Table 8 our different points 

 of observation are grouped according to the degree of cloudiness instead 

 of according to the anomaly, as in Table 7. The first group includes all 

 points having a cloudiness of 2 or less, the next those having a cloudi- 

 ness of from 2 to 3, and so on up to those having from 6 to 7. The 

 meaning of Table 8 can readily be grasped from figure 22. In the upper 

 line it is evident that over the lands an increase of cloudiness is accom- 

 panied by a fairly steady decline in the anomaly. Where the cloudiness 

 is between 1 and 2 the temperature is on an average 3.89° F. higher 

 than would be expected. Where the cloudiness rises to 4 or more, on 

 the other hand, the anomaly drops to plus 1, or even to 0. The oceans, 

 on the contrary, show a slight tendency in the opposite direction. They 

 are of far less importance than the lands, however, for their temperature 



