314 J. C. BKANNER OUTLINES OF THE GEOLOGY OF BRAZIL 



General geology. — Arcliean rocks form a belt lying between the ocean 

 and the crest of the Serra do Mar. Except in the norths however, the 

 Archean rocks do not rise quite to the tops of the mountains, but end on 

 their eastern flanks. Eesting on the granites are the Lower Permian 

 beds, in which coal is found west of Tubarao. Glacial action in Permian 

 times is shown by these beds near Rio Negro. On top of the Lower Per- 

 mian are the Upper Permian, on top of which are the Botucatu Triassic 

 sandstones, followed next by sheets and dikes of trap (diabase porphy- 

 rite). All of these sediments and the accompanying trap sheets have a 

 general and gentle westward dip, while the traps cover nearly all of the 

 western half of the state. 



Economic geology. — The chief mineral resources of Santa Catharina 

 are coal from the mines in the Lower Permian about Minas and the 

 agates found in the areas of the eruptive rocks. Bituminous shales are 

 abundant in the Permian, marble is found in the Archean area, and lead 

 and copper are reported by Dr. Francisco de Paula Oliveira. 



Geologic May of Santa Catliarina 



I. C. AYhite, 1908. — The only geologic map of Santa Catharina known 

 to the writer is the one given by Dr. I. C. White as part of a map of the 

 States in which coal is found. The scale of the map is 1 to 2,010,365; 

 only two divisions are shown and these not in detail, the Tubarao or 

 Permian coal horizon and the rocks above it. The map is dated 1907, 

 but the report was published at Rio in 1908. 



Bibliography of the Geology of Santa Catliarina 



Carl Ballod : Der Staat Santa Catharina. Ausland, 1892, pages 27-.31. Stutt- 

 gart, 1892. 



F. BuELAMAQUi: Noticia sobre alguns mineraes e rochas de varias provincias 

 do Brazil, recebidas no Museu Nacional durante os annos de 1856, 1857 e 

 1858. Revista Brazileira, volume II, paginas 241-265. Map of Santa 

 Catharine coal fields. Rio de Janeiro, 1856-58. 



L. F. GoNZAGA DE Campos : Nota sobre a localidade do ferro nativo de Santa 

 Catharina. Meteoritos Brasileiros. Revista do Observatorio, volume III, 

 No. 5, paginas 65-68. Rio de Janeiro, 1888. Abstract: Neues Jahrbuch 

 fiir Mineralogie, 1891, volume I, pagina 243. Referate. 



i^uiz Gonzaga de Campos : Minas de carvao do Tubarao, Santa Catharina, 49 

 paginas com mappas e perfis. 4°. Rio de Janeiro, 1890. E' a segunda 

 parte do Relatorio apresentado ao Exm. Sr. General Francisco Glicerio, 

 Ministro da Agricultura, etc., pelos Engenheiros F. Hostilio de Moraes 

 Rego, Luiz Gonzaga de Campos e Jolo Caldeira de Alvarenga Messeder, 

 paginas 27-76. 



