316 J. C. BEAXXER OUTLINES OF THE GEOLOGY OF BRAZIL 



L. Wagoxee : Parana e Santa Catliarina. Revista Industrial, Janeiro de 1878, 

 volume II, pages 9-10. New York, 1878. (Xotes on geology and physical 

 features. ) 



I. C. White : Report on the Coal Measures and associated rocks of South Bra- 

 zil. In English and Portuguese. Report to the Minister of Industry, etc., 

 xxviii + 617 pages, 4°, illustrated. Rio de Janeiro, 1908. 



J. B. WooDWORTH : Geological expedition to Brazil and Chile, 1908-1909. Bulle- 

 tin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, volume LYI, Xo. 1, 135 pages 

 and 37 plates. Cambridge, November, 1912. 



SaO PAULO 



Previous investigations. — The base map used for the State of Sao 

 Paulo was the one issued in 1912 by the Commissao Geographica e Geo- 

 logica de Sao Paulo. 



More geologic work has been done in Sao Paulo than in any other one 

 Brazilian state. As yet, however, no general description of the geolog}^ 

 of the state has been published. Mr. Derby, who was state geologist 

 from 1886 to 1904, published many special papers on the geology of the 

 state, the most important of which are mentioned below. The survey 

 (officially called the Commissao Geographica e Geologica de Sao Paulo) 

 has published five topographic sheets in preliminary editions (Jundiahy, 

 Campinas, Sao Eoque, Eio Claro, Ytu), but only parts of the areas are 

 geologically mapped, while by some unfortunate oversight the names of 

 the geologists who did the work are not given. Several large folios have 

 been issued, but they are devoted to the explorations of some of the larger 

 streams of the state — the Tiete, Feio, Aguapehy, and Eio Grande. These 

 folios are fully illustrated by beautiful photographs. A few of them con- 

 tain short jDapers with notes on the geology, but the publications are too 

 unwieldly to be used in the field. One by Dr. Florence, on Eio Grande, 

 is especially valuable on that region, and the paper by Pacheco, on the 

 fossils found in the Bauru beds, is of great value as determining the age 

 of that formation. The geology along the Paranapanema is described by 

 Dr. Francisco de Paula Oliveira in a bulletin published by the survey. 



Two papers by Dr. Gonzaga de Campos are especially valuable contri- 

 butions; they are (1) Bauru e Itapuru, and (2) Eelatorio sobre o Eio 

 Tiete. 



The iron deposits of the state are described by Derby; the Permian 

 glacial deposits are briefly described by J. B. AYoodworth. and the , fossils 

 are described by Cope, Geinitz, Pacheco, Eenault. Ton Ihering, and 

 Woodward. 



General geology. — Over the eastern and southeastern parts of the State 

 of Sao Paulo are exposed the Archean rocks which form the Serra do 



