220 H. L. FAIRCHILD POST-GLACIAL UPLIFT OF N. E. AMERICA 



NEW BRUNSWICK 



The positive determinations of the summit marine level in New Brmis- 

 wick are relatively few, but they are widely distributed and some are of 

 excellent quality. 



The Saint John Valley is all too low for any record by the great river, 

 and time did not permit exploration of the tributary valleys in the 

 wilderness; for it should be understood that. the great part of northern 

 Quebec and New Brunswick and the interior of Gaspe and Nova Scotia 

 are still in forest. The village of Grand Falls is on a gravel deposit in 

 the midst of the valley, the summit, on the main street, being 520 feet 

 altitude. Chalmers gives it as 522 feet. The full height of the summit 

 water there is about 550 feet. The Grand Eiver, joining the Saint John 

 above Saint Leonard and Van Buren, carries high gravel plains up to the 

 theoretic level, but the forest prevented precise measurement. 



The features about Saint John City deserve particular description. 

 Fortunately the Canadian Survey has recently mapped the quadrangle, 

 and the writer is indebted to the Survey for an advance photolithograpli 

 and to Mr. A. 0. Hayes, in charge of the topographic work, for directing 

 attention to the critical locality. 



Southwest of the city and south of South Bay is a heavy kame-moraine 

 in which the Canadian Pacific Railway has a large gravel pit. The sum- 

 mit of this deposit has beei] swept by the sea, and along the Manawagon- 

 ish road (old Saint Andrews road) for about four miles southwest of 

 Fairville the cliffs and bars of the summit level are conspicuous. The 

 middle section of this four-mile stretch is a ridge capped by wave-built 

 gravel bars, which at two jDoints rise to 200 feet. The western height is 

 on land of Harold Chadwick and the eastern carries the home of A. H. 

 Clark. The house of Mr. Clark is encircled by low bars of fine gravel, 

 while a heavy ])ar extends northeastv^ard. On the south face of the ridge 

 just beneath the crest is a strong sea cliff Avith cobble and boulder terrace 

 at elevation of 185 to 190 feet. 



Due east of the city about three miles a careful examination was made 

 of one locality, with discovery of a large and handsome gravel bar with 

 altitude of 185 feet. No distinct wave- work could be found above the 

 bar. This bar is on land of Michael Ryan and crosses the road just west 

 of the second forks in the highway. 



West by south of Saint John, 38 miles by rail (30 miles in direct 

 line), is Pennfield Station, on the Saint Stephen branch of the Canadian 

 Pacific Railway. This station is on a very extensive wave-sw^ept gravel 

 plain and has altitude 228 feet. For some four miles along the east and 



