TABULATION AND DESCRIPTION OF NEW DATA 221 



west road this plain is levels, except for slight swells and hollows running 

 across the road and declining seaward (plate 15). These are very evident 

 to the eye, bnt have a relief of only one to three feet, except where deep- 

 ened in a few places by recent drainage. The Pennfield Eidge post-ofQce, 

 one-half mile from the station, and McKay Corners, two miles w^est, have 

 practically the same height as the station. On the road leading south 

 from the school-house, near the post-office, is a remnant of a well stratified 

 deposit of fine gravel and sand, with elevation 230 feet. One-fourth mile 

 south of McKay Corners, on the road to Beaver Harbor, is a splendid bar 

 of gravel lying across the road, with elevation 225 feet (plalJfe 16). 



Effective flow over the plain is shown by the abundant cobbles, up to 

 six or eight inches diameter, with some subangular stones, built into piles 

 over the fields or along the fences. We have here a plain swept by the 

 tides, with a "washboard" surface declining seaward. The fluting is more 

 apparent in the coarse detritus along the road and flattens out on the 

 lower part of the plain composed of finer material. This fluted plain 

 suggests the marine plain of the south side of Long Island, with its 

 "creases,'-' "furrows,'^ or "dry rivers'' ; but the scale and relief here are 

 smaller, probably related to the coarser material, steeper slope, and less 

 width of the plain. Apparently this Avas the plain noted ])y C*halmers 

 (6, page 10), with altitude 225 feet. 



Other evidence of high-level waters is conspicuous in the region. The 

 "Tocologan Barrens," northeast of Pennfield, stretch along the railroad 

 for five miles — a waste of gravel and sand rising to at least 220 feet and 

 carrying bars. 



The great tidal range on this coast brings in a possible complication in 

 the determination of the sealevel and the locating of the isobases. Today 

 the tide at Saint John has a range of 27 feet. When the land stood some 

 200 feet lower and the Bay of Fundy was much enlarged, being really a 

 strait connecting the Atlantic with the much enlarged Saint Lawrence 

 Gulf, the tides here must have been much less, perhaps comparable to the 

 present tides in the Saint Lawrence Gulf. A range of 15 feet is sug- 

 gested. With this variation we may regard the summit bars on the Mana- 

 wagonish ridge as highest tide-v^ork and the 185-foot cliff as the principal 

 horizon of wave action. This implies about 190 feet as the proper figure 

 at the ridge. Taking into account the height and location of the bar east 

 of the city and the Pennfield features, the 200-foot isobase is drawn 

 through Saint John City. 



The north and east portions of the province are not as closely deter- 

 mined for uplift, but the area lies between the precise stations of Saint 

 John and Gaspe. A number of stations are given in the following tabu- 



