264 C. SCHUCHERT MORRISON AND TENDAGURU FORMATIONS 



Accordingly, it would appear that as the dinosaurs of the Morrison and 

 those of the Middle and Upper Dinosaur zones of the Tendaguru series 

 are so much alike, far more so than those of the Morrison and "Wealden, 

 all of these deposits, other than the latter, are of Upper Jurassic age. 

 This, then, is a return to the older view that the Morrison is Upper 

 Jurassic in time — a conclusion that surprised the writer. That the 

 Wealden, however, is of Lower Cretaceous age is a conclusion now estab- 

 lished in the known transgression of these fresh-water deposits over 

 Jurassic and older rocks and their upward connection with marine beds 

 of acknowledged early Cretaceous age. 



The Tendaguru Series 



discovert 



It was in 1907 that the late Prof. Eberhard Fraas, of Stuttgart, made 

 the very interesting discovery of great sauropod dinosaurs in southern 

 German East Africa, which then and for some years afterward were 

 thought to be larger by far than those of America. His discovery stimu- 

 lated the University of Berlin to undertake an exploration of the field on 

 a large scale, and now the final results are published, in so far as the 

 stratigraphy and the invertebrate faunas are concerned.^^ AYe now know 

 that there are three brackish- to fresh-water dinosaur horizons inter- 

 bedded with three zones more or less replete Avith marine mollusks, and 

 of these, two indicate very clearly their own age as well as that of the 

 interbedded dinosaur horizons. As these age-determined dinosaurs ap- 

 pear to be much like those of the American Morrison formation, whose 

 time in the geological scale is not fixed, it is desirable to present a sum- 

 mary of the African studies, at least in so far as they bear on the age of 

 the Morrison and the habitats of these reptiles. A preliminary statement 

 of the xlfrican discovery was presented by the Avi'iter in 1913.-® 



GENERAL RESULTS 



The director of the Geological-Paleontological Institute of the Eoyal 

 Museum in Berlin, Professor Branca, informs us that the expedition to 



25 Wissenschaftliche Ergebuisse clei- Tendaguru-Expedition 1909-1912. Published in 

 Archiv fiir Biontologie, Berlin, vol. iii. Part i, 1914, pp. 1-110, has six papers of a gen- 

 eral nature by Wilhelm Branca and W. .lanensch. Part ii, 1914, pp. 1-276, has four 

 papers on the geology, stratigraphy, geomorphology, tectonics, and peat-moors, by Edwin 

 Hennig, H. von Staff, and W. .Tanensch. Part iii, 1914, pp. 1-312, has six papers on the 

 invertebrates and fishes by W. Janensch, J. Zwierzycki, W. O. Dietrich, Edwin Hennig, 

 and Erich Lange. For the work on the armored dinosaurs, see Hennig, Kentrosaurus 

 fethiopicus der Stegosauride des Tendaguru, Sitz. d. Gesell. Naturf. Freunde zu Berlin, 

 1915, pp. 219-247. 



28 C. Schuchert: The dinosaurs of East Africa. Am. .Tour. Sci, (4), vol. 35, 1913, pp. 

 34-38. 



