642 E. W. BERRY CERTAIN PLANT-BEARIXG BEDS IX SOUTH AMERICA 



fossil plants associated with the foregoing molliisca in Peru appear to be 

 Aquitanian or Burdigalian in age, and a consideration of both classes of 

 evidence leads to the conclusion that this flora and the associated fauna 

 of the Heath stage are of Burdigalian age. 



Chile 



There are at least two Tertiary fossiliferous horizons in Chile. These 

 are tlie Cocjnimbo i)eds and the Navidad beds. The former do not concern 

 the present discussioji. particularly since they are probably of Pliocene 

 age and correspond to the Paita stage of Peru. The second, or Navidad, 

 beds (localities T and 8) have an important bearing on the present dis- 

 cussion. They comprise prevailingly arenaceous deposits carrying locally 

 an abundant marine fauna, and toward the base, according to Steinmann, 

 coal beds and an associated terrestrial flora. While their areal distribu- 

 tion and stratigraphic or structural relations have never been described, 

 they have been recognized at a number of scattered localities and there 

 has been a tendency, exemplified by Moricke, to carry the name Navidad 

 to more or less uncertain correlatives in other parts of South America. 

 Along the west coast of Chile, however, at Navidad, Matanzas, Lebu, 

 Coronel, Lota, Puchoco, Island of Chiloe, and elsewhere, they have been 

 definitely recognized and they may extend as far southward as the Straits 

 of Magellan. 



The Navidad fauna, which is extensive, has been described principally 

 by Philippi^*' and Moricke.^^ It shows closer relationships with the Ter- 

 tiary faunas of Europe than with the corresponding faunas of Australia 

 and New Zealand, although it contains some elements common to the 

 latter. EngeUiardt^^ has described an extensive flora from the coal-bear- 

 ing sandstones in the Navidad beds near Coronel. This flora consists of 

 9-i species, well distributed among the natural orders and indicative of 

 tropical humid conditions. It is of great interest, in that it contains a 

 considerable element derived from the north and also found in the Eocene 

 of southeastern North America. This element includes the genera Zamia, 

 Anona, Myristica, and representatives of the families Papilionaceae, Bom- 

 bacaceae, Dilleniaceae, Lauracese, Myrtaceae, Boraginaceae, and Rubiaceae. 

 Compared with the known fossil floras from other parts of South Amer- 



" R. A. Philippi : Die tertiaren und quartiiren Verstelneningen Chiles. Leipzig, 1887. 



" W. Moricke : Versteinerungen der Tertiarformation von Chile. Neues Jahrh. Bell., 

 Bd. 10, 1896, pp. 548-612, pis. 11-13. 



" H. Engelhardt : Ueher Tertiarpflanzen von Chile. Abh. Senck. Naturf. Gesell., Bd. 

 16, hft. 4, 1891, pp. 629-692, pis. 1-14. Bemerkungen zu chilenischen Tertiarpflanzen. 

 Abh. naturw. Gesell., Isis in Dresden, 1905, pp. 69-82, pi. 1. 



