NORMATIVE DENSITIES AND ALTITUDES 



393 



Table III. — Average Altitudes of Forty-seven Areas — Continued 



8a 



5 W Analyses Altitude references 



h 

 Meters 



500 2.763 2.727 276 Times Atlas. 



250 2.968 2.905 



SOO 2.739 2.691 



650 2 . 780 2 . 718 



670 2.828 2.771 



950 2 . 769 2 . 705 



430 2.785 2.713 



650 2.774 2.721 



34. Italy ( Sicily, S a r- 



dinia, etcetera). 



35. Russia (chiefly 



Urals). 



36. Balkania ( Greece and 



archipelago ) . 



37. Africa (continental). 



38. Madagascar 



39. Asia ( continental ) . . . 



40. Japan 



41. Malaysia and Philip- 



pines. 



42. Australia (Tasma- 



nia ) . 



43. New Zealand 



44. Antarctica 



45. Atlantic (a v e r a g e— 4,116 2.888 2.810 



depth). 



46. Atlantic (ridge— 1,830 2.888 2.810 



depth ) . 



47. Pacific (average —4,520 3 . 087 3 . 014 



depth). 



98 Times Atlas. 



33 Times Atlas. 



223 Wagner, 2. 

 140 Murray. 

 114 Wagner, 2. 

 69 Murray. 

 129 Murray. 



350 2.814 2.747 287 Wagner, 2. 



650 2.813 2.729 



? 2.865 2,818 



134 Murray. 

 103 

 56 Murray. 



56 Times Atlas. 



72 Murray. 



Wagner, 1 : H. Wagner. Beitr. Geophysik, volume II, 1895. 

 Wagner, 2 : H. Wagner. Lenrbuch der Geographie. volume I, 1912, page 284. 

 Murray : J. Murray. Scot. Geogr. Mag., volume IV, 1888, pages 23-38. 

 Ratzel ("Deutschland," fourth edition, 1920, page 26) gives 215 meters. 

 H. Gannett : United States Geological Survey, Annual Report 13, volume II. 1892. 

 page 289. 



Harrison : Geological Goldfields of British Guiana, 1908, page 10. 



Study of the somewhat numerous data presented in Table III shows 

 that, in general and as applied to various areas all over the earth's sur- 

 face and of considerable to very large size, the law holds good that the 

 average density of the igneous rocks of a region varies in the opposite 

 sense as the average altitude. There are some exceptions, but these are 

 not sufficient to invalidate the broad relation. With no desire to indulge 

 in special pleading, it may be well to consider these exceptions briefly. 

 The representativeness of the individual averages is discussed at length 

 in the unpublished professional paper already mentioned, and the fol- 

 lowing remarks are mostly abstracts of this. 



Some of the apparent exceptions are due to the unrepresentative char- 

 acter of the chemical average. This is true of Utah-Nevada, the density 

 of which is less than Colorado, although its altitude is much lower The 



