430 OSBORN AND EEEDS— PREHISTORY OF MAN IN EUROPE 



account of the relative altitudes of the terraces in the eastern and central 

 Alps, Deperet maintains that 



IV Glaciatiox. — The Wiirmian frontal moraines are in constant relation with 

 a low terrace destitute of loess (Niedertcrrasse of Penck), 

 the altitude of which maintains itself generally between 

 15-20 meters above the existing great river courses. 



Ill Glaciation. — The Rissian frontal moraines continue by terraces (Hoch- 

 terrasse of Penck), which dominate by a score of meters 

 the Wiirmian, and attain a relative altitude of 30-35 

 meters. 



II Glaciation. — The Mindelian terminal moraines east of the Alps are re- 

 lated to terraces (jiingerer Deckenschotter of Penck) 20- 

 25 meters higher than the Rissian terraces — that is to say, 

 with a relative altitude of 50-60 meters. 



I Glaciation . — The Giinzian moraines, while infrequent, give rise to terraces 

 (alterer Deckenschotter of Penck) whose relative altitudes 

 attain in the most frequent cases 90-100 meters above the 

 existing rivers. 



The external moraines in the region of Lyons, with their terraces of 

 55-60 meters, in his opinion are not the Rissian, as Penck and Bruckner 

 supposed, but the Mindelian. Thus the maximum extension of Alpine 

 glaciers on the eastern and western sides of the Alps corresponds to the 

 Mindelian (II) and not to the Rissian (III) glaciation. It is only in 

 the central part of the Alps that the Rhine glacier of Rissian (III) times 

 may have extended farther north than the preceding Mindelian (II) 

 glaciation. 



Synchronism of Alpine and Scandinavian advances. — Deperet then 

 proceeds to a comparison of the Alpine glaciations with the Scandinavian, 

 and remarks that it appears quite natural to admit that the maximum 

 extension of the Alpine glaciers (Mindelian) coincides with the maxi- 

 mum advance of the Scandinavian glaciers ("old Drift," or Saxonian). 

 Thus the Rissian (III) of the Alps corresponds to the "upper Drift/'' 

 or Polonian (III), of the plains of the north of England, and it is 

 necessary for us to find the equivalent of the Wiirmian (IV) in the local 

 glaciers of the Scottish highlands and in the Baltic moraines (Mecklen- 

 burgian, IV). Finally, it seems logical to see in the Scanian (I) glacia- 

 tion the counterpart of the Giinzian (I) of the Alps. He adopts a 

 parallelism (see Table I above), beginning with the fourfold division of 

 Geikie in 1914 and ending with his introduction of the fourfold alti- 

 tudes of fluvial terraces corresponding to each glaciation. He concludes : 

 It remains to be shown that the Quaternary shorelines of the north of 



