CORRELATION OF THE TIME DIVISIONS 467 



the Magdalenian of the west. At some stations the industry is inter- 

 calated between the late Aurignacian and the early Magdalenian. At 

 other stations, where the Solutrean flint workers did not extend their 

 influence, the late Aurignacian is directly superposed by the early Mag- 

 dalenian through gradual evolution of industrial forms. Many authors 

 are agreed that the Solutrean industry was contemporaneous with the 

 first Postglacial recession, or Achenschwankung , of the Alpine glaciers, 

 during which a dry and very cold climate prevailed, with dust-storms and 

 widespread deposition of "middle loess" over western Europe; flint 

 workers seeking many open stations, horses and wild asses numerous on 

 the prairies. Soergel, of the University of Tubingen (1919.1), however, 

 correlates the Solutrean with the maximum stand of the second advance 

 of the Fourth Glaciation (figure 11, Soergel and Eeeds). 



The correlation of human industries with the glacial and climatic 

 phases succeeding the second maximum of the Fourth Glaciation has 

 been admirably summarized by Soergel in his work cited and emended 

 by Mayet and by Gignoux, who have cooperated with Deperet in the new 

 correlation of the Quaternary. Finally, in the Magdalenian Epoch 

 (Deperet, 1921, p. 127), the valleys were eroded down nearly to their 

 actual present level. 



Soergel (1919.1, page 78) presents also a generalized normal climatic 

 curve of glacial and interglacial times (figure 12). 



S. CORRELATION OF THE DM GEER GEOCHRONOLOOY WITH HUMAN 



INDUSTRIES 



According to the Swedish archeologist Montelius (1920.1), the Aurig- 

 nacian period of human industries is supposed to have begun about 

 20,000 years ago, when the Fourth Glaciation occupied north Germany 

 and Denmark. It probably lasted nearly 5,000 years. The Solutrean 

 period began about 15,000 years ago, when the southern coast of Scania 

 became ice-free. As the ice melted in Scania, plants and animals immi- 

 grated there, and with them came man. The oldest implements that we 

 can expect to find on the southern and western coasts of Sweden and 

 Norway, as souvenirs of man, ought to be such as are contemporary with 

 implements of the Solutrean period found in central Europe. They are 

 exactly of the same type. (2) The next period, the Magdalenian, is 

 characterized in Sweden by the preponderance of bone weapons and small 

 flint flakes, as in central Europe. Many of these objects have been 

 preserved in peat bogs. (3) In the next period, the Azilian, the char- 

 acteristic types occur in both regions. (4) In the following Campignian 

 period characteristic flints occur in both areas. In the north they are 



