CORRELATION OF THE JURASSIC 



657 



all of the forms in the latter region show affinities with European species, 

 thereby proclaiming themselves to be merely geographical variants. In 

 a general way, it may be stated that the Cuban fauna as a whole most 

 nearly resembles the Jurassic fauna of southern and south central 

 Europe — that is, of Portugal, the Rhone Valley and eastern France, 

 southern Germany — Swabia, AViirttemberg, and Franconia — and north- 

 ern Switzerland — cantons Aargau and Baden. There are a few scattered 

 species found in Cuba which have, a wider range in Europe, western 

 Asia, and the Mediterranean region, and a few of the genera belong to 

 the north European, especially Russian, province; but these are notable 

 exceptions. 



In establishing the broad stratigraphic correlation between the eastern 

 and western hemispheres, the type section in the Swabian Jura must 

 be used as the standard for comparison. The classic subdivisions of the 

 Upper Jurassic given by Quenstedt 21 for Swabia and the paleontological 

 zones recognized by Oppel, 22 together with the English formation equiva- 

 lents, are given in the following table : 



England. 

 Formations 



Swabia. 

 Quenstedt's 

 zonal subdi- 

 visions (1858) 



Western Europe in general. 



Oppel's paleontological zones 



(1863) 



Q a m 



£ & -M 



Ah o 

 a ©o 



Purbeckian 



Portlandian 



Kimmeridgian 



Corallian 



% a 



P 



u 



{I 



Zone of Ammonites tenuilobatus 



Zone of Ammonites bimammatus 

 Zone of Ammonites transversa tins 



Middle, or 

 Oxford, 

 Oolites 



s 



•pH 



1° 



Oxford clay 

 Callovian 



b? 



S3 0> 



„ O 



S3 



f 





On the Continent, recent studies in Portugal, France, Swabia, Fran- 

 conia, and Aargau by Kilian, Hang, de Grossouvre, Gumbel, Moesch, 

 and others have led to certain modifications in subdivision and particu- 

 larly to the interpolation of new zones. At the present time there is 

 no uniformity in the delimitation of the formations and the significance 



21 Priedrich August Quenstedt : Der Jura, 1858, table on page 818 ; also Die Ammoniten 

 des schwiibischen Jura, 1885. 



- Albert Oppel : Ueber Jurassische Cepbalopoden. Palaeontologiscbe Mittheilungen, 

 vol. iii, 1863, pp. 163-188. 



