part 3] PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS ABOUND CAMBBIDGE. 243 



occur in close association in the same gravel-pits, throughout the 

 eastern and southern counties. 



The Author points out that the oldest deposits treated in his 

 paper are those at Barrington, with remains of Rhinoceros merhii 

 and Hippopotamus. There is, however, an older group, represented 

 by a small collection of bones and antlers, as vet undetermined. 

 in the Sedgwick Museum, which, shortly before his death. 

 Prof. Hughes showed to the speaker. Among these are three 

 or four antlers of Cervus arvernensis, a Pliocene deer found in 

 Auvergne and also in the Forest Bed of Norfolk, and not recog- 

 nized in any other British locality. When this fauna has been 

 worked out, it is likely to link up that of the Forest Bed with that 

 of Barrington, and thus till a blank in the early history of the 

 Pleistocene Epoch. 



Mr. Reginald Smith thought that the paper would be an 

 inspiration, not only to those present, but to others interested in the 

 subject. Names had been borrowed from the French classification 

 for the various types of implements ; but, seeing that the system 

 had now been tested for thirty-live years, a further step might be 

 taken with confidence, and the Chelles type assigned to the Chelles 

 period, and the rest in order. The series exhibited comprised 

 rolled specimens of the Drift types, probably all from the lower 

 (horizontal) strata of the Observatory gravels, unlike certain other 

 sites where the Chelles implements lay unrolled in the undisturbed 

 lower levels, and rolled specimens of St. Acheul type occurred in 

 the upper levels. Hence there was probably no orderly deposition 

 in the present case till Le Moustier times. These later Makes 

 doubtless came, like the small hand-axe, from the disturbed beds 

 above, and the still later Cave types from the well-defined layer 

 below the soil : among the latter should be noticed the 'cosy' or 

 segmental tool and the undercut conical plane. He had been im- 

 pressed by the quantity of big boulders in the pit, and questioned 

 whether they were river-borne. The Author's committee was a 

 welcome innovation, and would have much to do, as the enquiry 

 could not be confined to the neighbourhood of Cambridge, but 

 must eventually deal with other deposits of implements in gravel, 

 as at Warren Hill near Mildenhall and at Kennet near Newmarket. 



Mr. W. Whitakeb called attention to the difficulties that arose 

 in trying to differentiate gravels, deposits of an irregular character 

 and changing composition, such that sections at spots no great way 

 apart might show beds unlike in composition. There was a danger. 

 therefore, of taking as signs of deposits of differing age what 

 mighf be only differences of character in one deposit. He doubted 

 also whether the irregularities, of unconformable appearance, shown 

 by some of the sections, pointed to more than somewhat rapid 

 changes in the nature of the deposit, changes of current, etc. 



The revision of the mapping of many gravels was needful, and 

 lie was glad that the Author had taken up the task in the Great 

 Ouse Basin. He could not wish him better than in hoping that 

 he would live to finish the work. 



