rl'24: NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



The highest of the Cranson hill channels lies so far southwest 

 of the main series as to belong to a distinct set. It is the first 

 eastward outlet of the glacial waters in the Limestone and 

 Cazenovia valleys, and has been referred to above (p. 116). It 

 lies i mile southwest of the village of Perryville, but has been 

 overlooked by the topographers and is not indicated by the con- 

 tours. It makes, however, a distinct notch in the ridge and at 

 its mouth is a conspicuous delta, near the village. The channel 

 is in shale about ^ mile long, 100 feet deep and 175 to 200 feet 

 wide at bottom. The delta is 80 to 100 feet high, with abrupt 

 face toward the village; it covers several acres, with two levels. 

 West of north of this channel are other scourways, at intervals 

 down to perhaps 900 feet. These channels are cut across a 

 minor ridge lying between Eagle and Cranson hills and were 

 formed at the front of a lobe of the glacier which extended 

 southward up the Chittenango valley. 



The channels of the Cranson hill series begin about a mile north 

 of Perryville, at an altitude of 1250 feet, and form a remarkable 

 succession of shelves and trenches in the limestone. The highest 

 and earliest channel lies f of a mile northeast of Perryville. This 

 outlet determined the water level of the Perryville lake in which 

 the delta was built. It is a winding-cut in Hamilton shale about 

 50 feet deep, 100 feet wide at bottom, and J mile long. Its gen- 

 eral course is northeast. The lowest and longest channel is 

 down in the shale, and forms the east and west valley through 

 which the Lehigh Valley railroad runs. To the east, southwest 

 of Clockville, these channels make steep plunges, but no pro- 

 nounced ravines have been seen. 



On West Stockbridge hill the higher cutting is mostly in great 

 shelves, but lower trenches are in shale, the lowest one, holding 

 the Oneida reservoir, being the largest. The map contours 

 (Oneida sheet) indicate the channeling. The Salina strata are 

 found here at a higher altitude than westward and are reached 

 by the streams at 900 to 1000 feet. 



On Eaton hill only the two upper channels are in limestone. 

 The highest has a plunge basin, judging by the map (Oneida 



