rl32 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



A larger and more important ancient channel was discovered, 

 east of the district as limited at the beginning of this writing- 

 It is at Persia flag station on the Erie railroad, between Dayton 

 and Cattaraugus stations, and carried the oyerflow of the glacial 

 waters held in the Cattaraugus valley over to the east branch of 

 the Conewango. This channel is an important link in the history 

 of the glacial waters of the Cattaraugus valley, but will be 

 described later in the paper (p. 136). 



The relationship of the north-sloping land surface to the divide 

 would seem to require considerable flow of water through two 

 others cols, one at East Mud lake, southeast of Forestville, and 

 the other at the Cassadaga lakes, the head of the creek of that 

 name. However, these passes show no definite channels across 

 the water parting, though the south-leading channels certainly 

 carried a heavy flood. This inconsistency will be discussed in 

 the next section. 



Channels headed with uncut moraine drift 

 The two cols just mentioned are good examples of a peculiar 

 topography and relationship of features often found in connection 

 with the valleys leading south from the divide in central-western 

 New York. The accompanying map of the Oassadaga lakes and 

 their surroundings (pi. 38) taken from the Dunkirk sheet, will 

 show the features to be here discussed and will serve as an 

 example of the type. The water parting, here indicated by the 

 heavy, broken line, lies in morainal drift knolls, with only small, 

 indefinite, meandering watercourses among the knolls. Close to 

 the water parting on the south are several shallow lakes, in the 

 head of a broad, well defined valley, which is filled with detrital 

 overwash from the ice sheet. It is certain that the eouth-leading 

 valley had a flood of water during the long time that the front 

 of the glacier lobe was slowly migrating north up the valley, and 

 that the deep, preglacial valley was a catchment basin for the 

 stream drift, the latter being of great depth. Below the lakes 

 the valley filling has been leveled and smoothed bv the stream 

 floods. 



