r224 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



the gills and in the liver and very large numbers in the muscular 

 wall of the stomach. Some were white or yellowish white, 

 others brown or black in color. 



The sea bass, porgies and striped bass seemed more free 

 of parasites than the other forms. Argulus, a copepod, was 

 found parasitic on the blackfish. The cod is badly infested with 

 Ascarids. In the stomach of a whiting were found several 

 cestodes 15 centimeters in length, whose posterior proglottids 

 were filled with eggs. The liver of this same fish was infested 

 with Ascarids in various stages of encystment. 



The stomachs of the menhaden at Cold Spring Harbor were in- 

 fested with a Distomum parasite, Apoblana append i- 

 c u 1 a t u m, about 1 millimeter in length. This has been de- 

 scribed by Prof. H. S. Pratt of Haverford college who found it 

 in the copepod but had been unable to trace its life history^ 

 further. It has a prehensile process or sucker by which it is 

 fastened to the wall of the stomach near the opening to the intes- 

 tine. This is just at the point where the digested food passes 

 into the intestine for absorption and so a position of greatest 

 advantage to the parasite. Later in the year fewer were present 

 while those menhaden which had lived in an aquarium for a few 

 days were entirely devoid of parasites. Menhaden feed princi- 

 pally on copepods and since the copepods were absent from the 

 aquarium and absent from the menhaden which were in the 

 aquarium for some time, and in whose stomach there was no 

 trace of copepods, we must conclude that Apoblana comes to the 

 menhaden through the copepod, the principal food of the fish. 



BIOLOGIC AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COLD 

 SPRING HARBOR L. I. 

 Cold Spring Harbor, one of the deepest and longest harbors on 

 the north shore of Long Island, is so named because of the great 

 number of mountain springs whose waters flow into it and be- 

 cause the harbor itself shows distinctly the presence of springs 

 in its basin. Across the mouth of the harbor not far below the 

 surface is a sand bar through the eastern end of which a passage 



