ABORIGINAL OCCUPATION OF NEW YORK 37 



may never have been^ so. This plan is 200 feet to the inch. James 

 H. Bostwick furnished Schoolcraft's plan which will be found in his 

 Iroquois report. The north and south axis from the outside base 

 of the bank was 410 feet, and the east and west 416. He made 

 five openings, and Mr Squier eight, two of which are narrow. The 

 latter said of these, " It has been conjectured by some that the walls 

 here have been washed away, but it is clear that there was slight 

 necessity for defenses at this point, and that none ever existed 

 beyond what may be traced." The descent was abrupt on all sides, 

 and there were caches. The bank was two or three feet high in 

 1850, with a corresponding ditch. — Squier, p. 49, pi. 5, no. i 



9 Macauley described another fort in Auburn, two miles north- 

 east of this, containing two acres, with a bank, ditch and gateway.. 

 It was on North street, near the present railroad crossing. When 

 the land was cleared about 1790, the bank was 7 feet high, and 

 the ditch 10 feet wide. It was 350 paces in circumference, and had 

 a gate to the northeast. Hammer-stones, earthenware and trian- 

 gular flint arrowheads were found. Not far off was a mound filled 

 with skeletons, probably a natural elevation. DeWitt Clinton more 

 correctly said it was a mile north of the last, but he may have 

 overestimated the area. He also stated that it had a north gate, the 

 entrance of which must have been from the west on account of 

 the overlapping of the wall. 



10 There is a cemetery, etc. with modern relics on John Morse's 

 land three miles north of Cayuga. It is covered by an orchard. 



1 1 North Cayuga, St Stephen's or Thiohero, was two miles north 

 of Cayuga village, on lot 24, Aurelius.. The site occupies three or 

 four acres east of the canal and north of the highway. Jesuit rings 

 and European articles are found. In an early cache near by was 

 found a plate of mica and other curious articles. This and most of 

 the following sites were reported by W. W. Adams of Maple- 

 ton. Gen. J. S. Clark said that Choharo "was the Tichero 

 (Thiohero) or St Stephen's of the Jesuit relations, said to signify the 

 place of rushes, at the foot of Cayuga lake on the east side, 

 at the exact point where the bridge of the middle turnpike left 

 the east shore. The trail across the marsh followed the north bank 



