ABORIGINAL OCCUPATION OF NEW YORK 107 



5 Chenoweth's Cold spring site near Harlem river with horn 

 articles and pottery. Cave shelters near on south side. 



6 Wooded knoll with graves northeast of Inwood near Seaman 

 avenue. 



Another of these occurs near Dyckman street, and various shell 

 heaps are found on the west side of Harlem river near the former 

 site of the Fordham foot bridge. 



There are shell heaps near Columbia university, below In- 

 wood station, and at the mouth of Spuyten Duyvil creek. 

 In the notes to Denton's New York, p. 26, it is said that 

 the village of Warpoes was on Chatham square and that of 

 Lapinikan at Greenwich. Excavations on Pearl street also reached 

 old shell banks. In the Goede vrouw of Mana-ha-ta, p. 39 Mrs 

 John K. Van Rensselaer speaks of a castle on a hill called Catie- 

 muts overlooking a small lake near Canal street. The neighbor- 

 hood was called Shell Point. 



Niagara county. This county was once occupied by the Atti- 

 wandaronks or Neutral nation of Canada. Father de la Roche 

 d'Allion visited them in 1626 and seems also to have been in New 

 York. He was at Onontisaston and was visited by those of Oua- 

 roronon living a day's journey from the Seneca border. — Le Clerq, p. 

 268. There was a town near the Niagara called Onguiaahra. When 

 the Jesuits visited them in 1640 the New York towns are referred 

 to again. '' On this side of the river (in Canada) and not on the 

 other, as some map marks it, are the greater number of the towns 

 of the Neutral nation. There are three or four beyond, arranged 

 from east to west toward the nation of the Cat or the Erieehro- 

 nons." -^Jesuit relations, 1641, p. 71. This accounts for European 

 relics toward Niagara river. Afterward it became Seneca territory. 



1 There was a small Seneca village near the mouth of Niagara 

 river in lyiS.— Doc. Hist. N. Y. 9:885. This was Oniagara but 

 they frequented the river much earlier. Early relics occur. 



2 The rocky fort of Kienuka is on the Tuscarora reservation 

 three and one half miles from Lewiston, on a spur of the mountain 

 ridge. "A burial ground and two elliptical mounds or barrows 

 that have a diameter of 20 feet and an elevation of from four to 



