﻿360 DE. A. SMITH WOODWAET) ON FOSSIL FISHES [Aug. I908, 



Except the narrow preoxDerciilum, the external bones, so far as 

 preserved, are coarsely ornamented with tubercles of enamel on the 

 highest points of thick, beaded ridges. The supratemporals (s.t.) 

 are evidently subdivided into a series of irregular plates, and the 

 outer element is deeply cleft behind, where the slime-canal leaves 

 it. The postorbital cheek-plates are also subdivided irregularly. 

 The operculum (op.), which is about two-thirds as broad as deep, 

 has an especially conspicuous ornament, the tubercles being 

 arranged on ridges radiating from the point of suspension. No 

 traces of ring-vertebrse are observ^able, although there are remains 

 of calcified vertebral arches. 



The scales are very deeply overlapping, and exhibit the forward 

 production of the two anterior angles, which is characteristic of the 

 genus Lejndotus. They are not excessively thickened, while their 

 peg-and-socket articulation is feeble. The exposed portion of the 

 principal flank-scales immediately behind the pectoral arch (PI. 

 XLIII, fig. 1) is somewhat deeper than broad, and covered with thick 

 enamel, which is impressed with six to eight radiating furrows. The 

 broad ridges between these furrows often bear large tubercles. 

 The scales farther back on the trunk are still more strongly tuber- 

 culated, and even those on the caudal pedicle are not quite smooth. 

 On most of these scales, in fact, the tubercles predominate and 

 obscure the original ridges, while the enamel is confined to small 

 patches of irregular shape on the summits. This condition is 

 especially well seen on some of the broad scales near the ventral 

 border (PI. XLIII, fig. 2) just in front of the anal fin. 



Portions of all the fins can be seen, and correspond in position 

 and characters with those of the typical Lepidotus. All the rays 

 are especially stout, with close articulations distally: they are 

 about 12 in number in the anal fin, which exhibits the usual very 

 large fulcra anteriorly. 



The well-marked new species of which Prof. Ennes de Souza has 

 discovered the parts now described, may be appropriately named in 

 his honour, Lepidotus Souzai. It is distinguished from all 

 known species by the remarkable tuberculation of the scales. 



SCOMBBOCLHPEA SCUTATA, sp. nOV. (PI. XLIII, figS. 3 & 4.) 



A small Clupeoid fish, about 12 centimetres long, is represented 

 by two specimens, the type (fig. 3) especially displaying the 

 head and paired fins, the other (fig. 4) showing some additional 

 features of the trunk. It seems to have been a slender species with 

 a relatively-large head, the maximum depth of the trunk being 

 contained probably five times, the length of the head with opercular 

 apparatus about three times, in the total length of the fish. 



The head exhibits a typically Clupeoid mouth, with the man- 

 dibular articulation beneath the hinder part of the eye, and the 

 bones of both jaws ornamented by longitudinal wrinkles. A large 

 supramaxilla is conspicuous above the arched maxilla. The dentary 

 bone rises rapidly to bound a small gape, and there are no traces of 

 teeth. A deep groove for a slime-canal traverses the lower border 



