﻿EEPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  DIRECTOR 
  r71 
  

  

  no 
  means, 
  form 
  a 
  regular 
  and 
  uniform 
  covering 
  over 
  the 
  valley 
  bot- 
  

   toms, 
  but 
  on 
  the 
  other 
  hand, 
  mark 
  an 
  irregular 
  covering. 
  Lamination 
  

   is 
  not 
  always 
  distinct 
  enough 
  to 
  admit 
  of 
  their 
  identification. 
  Where 
  

   noted, 
  they 
  were 
  made 
  up 
  of 
  dark 
  and 
  light 
  colored 
  sandy 
  loams, 
  

   grading 
  into 
  coarser 
  material, 
  such 
  as 
  sand 
  and 
  gravel, 
  near 
  and 
  

   along 
  the 
  valley 
  sides. 
  IS^umerous 
  sections 
  have 
  been 
  noted 
  in 
  the 
  

   southern 
  parts 
  of 
  Cayuga 
  and 
  Seneca 
  valleys. 
  Some 
  of 
  the 
  morainal 
  

   hammocks 
  in 
  the 
  divide 
  region 
  of 
  Cayuga 
  valley 
  exhibit 
  a 
  veneering 
  

   of 
  lake 
  silt, 
  from 
  their 
  bases 
  up 
  to 
  near 
  the 
  tops. 
  

  

  Location 
  and 
  description 
  of 
  the 
  valley 
  divides 
  and 
  over- 
  

   flow 
  channels. 
  We 
  are 
  concerned 
  chiefly 
  in 
  this 
  study 
  with 
  

   three 
  of 
  the 
  north 
  and 
  south 
  valley 
  divides. 
  Others 
  have 
  been 
  

   discovered 
  and 
  will 
  receive 
  fall 
  and 
  adequate 
  description 
  in 
  their 
  

   proper 
  places. 
  The 
  three 
  outlets 
  here 
  referred 
  to 
  and 
  defined 
  

   are 
  the 
  most 
  important 
  ones, 
  inasmuch 
  as 
  they 
  have 
  not 
  only 
  served 
  

   to 
  conduct 
  the 
  overflow 
  from 
  as 
  many 
  local 
  and 
  initial 
  water 
  bodies, 
  

   but 
  two 
  of 
  these 
  also 
  mark 
  the 
  outlets 
  to 
  the 
  largest 
  and 
  therefore, 
  

   principal 
  lake 
  stages. 
  Hence, 
  they 
  merit 
  a 
  fuller 
  description. 
  

  

  The 
  first 
  one, 
  called 
  the 
  Spencer 
  Summit 
  overflow, 
  is 
  about 
  

   15 
  miles 
  south 
  of 
  Ithaca 
  in 
  the 
  Cayuga 
  Inlet 
  valley, 
  one 
  quarter 
  

   of 
  a 
  mile 
  north 
  of 
  Spencer 
  Summit 
  depot, 
  on 
  the 
  Lehigh 
  Yalley 
  

   railroad. 
  The 
  second, 
  called 
  the 
  White 
  Church 
  overflow, 
  is 
  some 
  10 
  

   miles 
  southeast 
  of 
  Ithaca 
  in 
  one 
  of 
  Lake 
  Cayuga's 
  main 
  tributaries. 
  

   Six 
  Mile 
  creek 
  valley, 
  one 
  half 
  to 
  three 
  quarters 
  of 
  a 
  mile 
  north 
  

   of 
  White 
  Church 
  depot, 
  on 
  the 
  Elmira, 
  Courtland 
  and 
  Northern 
  

   branch 
  of 
  the 
  Lehigh 
  Yalley 
  railroad. 
  The 
  third, 
  called 
  the 
  Horse- 
  

   heads 
  overflow, 
  is 
  approximately 
  15 
  miles 
  south 
  of 
  Watkins 
  in 
  

   the 
  Seneca 
  Inlet 
  valley 
  and 
  just 
  a 
  few 
  rods 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  village 
  of 
  

   Horseheads 
  on 
  the 
  Northern 
  Central 
  railroad. 
  Each 
  of 
  the 
  three 
  

   outlets 
  leads 
  over 
  the 
  "Terminal 
  moraine 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  glacial 
  

   epoch," 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  main, 
  their 
  general 
  characteristics 
  are 
  as 
  nearly 
  

   identical 
  as 
  is 
  possible 
  to 
  find 
  them. 
  A 
  description 
  of 
  one 
  would 
  

   almost 
  suffice 
  for 
  either 
  of 
  the 
  remaining 
  two. 
  

  

  When 
  the 
  ice 
  had 
  advanced 
  to 
  the 
  divide 
  region 
  in 
  the 
  valleys, 
  

   where 
  is 
  now 
  situated 
  its 
  moraine, 
  a 
  long 
  and 
  protracted 
  halt 
  

   ensued. 
  The 
  escaping 
  glacial 
  waters, 
  which 
  presumably, 
  were 
  

   largely 
  subglacial, 
  found 
  ready 
  channels 
  of 
  escape 
  through 
  broad 
  

   and 
  deeply 
  carved 
  south 
  reaching 
  valleys, 
  tributary 
  to 
  the 
  Chemung- 
  

  

  